[tools][cmake] fix missing some flags added in Sconscript

[kaidegit]

拉取/合并请求描述：(PR description)

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为什么提交这份PR (why to submit this PR)

cmake生成脚本会漏掉Sconscript里添加的flags

比如f103的rtduino，漏掉了c++的Sconscript里面的关闭异常

类似pr #8957

btw，添加了Change Logs

你的解决方案是什么 (what is your solution)

从env拿这些flags

请提供验证的bsp和config (provide the config and bsp)

• BSP:

f103的rtduino

• .config:

• action:

https://github.com/RT-Thread/rt-thread/actions/runs/13469156866/job/37640397344?pr=9998

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当前拉取/合并请求的状态 Intent for your PR

必须选择一项 Choose one (Mandatory):

• 本拉取/合并请求是一个草稿版本 This PR is for a code-review and is intended to get feedback
• 本拉取/合并请求是一个成熟版本 This PR is mature, and ready to be integrated into the repo

代码质量 Code Quality：

我在这个拉取/合并请求中已经考虑了 As part of this pull request, I've considered the following:

• 已经仔细查看过代码改动的对比 Already check the difference between PR and old code
• 代码风格正确，包括缩进空格，命名及其他风格 Style guide is adhered to, including spacing, naming and other styles
• 没有垃圾代码，代码尽量精简，不包含#if 0代码，不包含已经被注释了的代码 All redundant code is removed and cleaned up
• 所有变更均有原因及合理的，并且不会影响到其他软件组件代码或BSP All modifications are justified and not affect other components or BSP
• 对难懂代码均提供对应的注释 I've commented appropriately where code is tricky
• 代码是高质量的 Code in this PR is of high quality
• 已经使用formatting 等源码格式化工具确保格式符合RT-Thread代码规范 This PR complies with RT-Thread code specification
• 如果是新增bsp, 已经添加ci检查到.github/workflows/bsp_buildings.yml 详细请参考链接BSP自查

[supperthomas]

https://github.com/RT-Thread/rt-thread/actions/runs/13469270044/job/37640658256

感谢pr，可否ci加一下检查编译

[kaidegit]

ci后面整理一下那个speed up