Upgrade ruff's target Python version to 3.10

[tpvasconcelos]

This pull request primarily upgrades the codebase to target Python 3.10, updates the usage of the zip function to enforce stricter argument handling, and cleans up type imports now that Literal and TypeAlias are available directly from the standard library in Python 3.10. Additionally, it updates the CI configuration and adds a changelog entry for the Python version bump.

Python version upgrade and code modernization:

• Set the target-version in ruff.toml to "py310" to target Python 3.10, and updated the changelog to note this upgrade. [1] [2]
• Replaced imports of Literal and TypeAlias from typing_extensions with imports from the standard library typing throughout the codebase, and updated related type imports for consistency. [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8]

Stricter argument handling in zip usage:

• Added strict=True to all zip calls where two iterables are zipped together, both in the main code and in tests, to catch mismatched lengths and improve reliability. [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] [11] [12] [13] [14] [15] [16]

CI/CD and workflow changes:

• Set a global environment variable DIFF_AGAINST: HEAD for the CI job in .github/workflows/ci.yml instead of repeating it for each test step, simplifying the workflow configuration. [1] [2]

Other improvements:

• Updated the import of get_args to use the standard library typing in Python 3.10.

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📚 Documentation preview 📚: https://ridgeplot--363.org.readthedocs.build/en/363/

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[codecov]

Codecov Report

✅ All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests.
✅ Project coverage is 100.00%. Comparing base (f15be83) to head (6d8fd2a).
⚠️ Report is 19 commits behind head on main.

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff            @@
##              main      #363   +/-   ##
=========================================
  Coverage   100.00%   100.00%           
=========================================
  Files           18        18           
  Lines          659       657    -2     
  Branches        85        85           
=========================================
- Hits           659       657    -2     

Flag	Coverage Δ
combined-src	100.00% <100.00%> (ø)

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