chore: drop Python 3.9, add 3.12/3.13/3.14 classifiers and CI support

.github/workflows/tox.yml

@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ jobs:
     strategy:
       fail-fast: false
       matrix:
-        python-version: ["3.9", "3.10", "3.11", "3.12", "3.13"]
+        python-version: ["3.10", "3.11", "3.12", "3.13", "3.14"]
     steps:
     - uses: actions/checkout@v6
     - name: Set up Python ${{ matrix.python-version }}

pyproject.toml

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ build-backend = "hatchling.build"
 [project]
 name = "pytest-testinfra"
 description = "Test infrastructures"
-requires-python = ">=3.9"
+requires-python = ">=3.10"
 dynamic = ["version"]
 readme = "README.rst"
 license-files = ["LICENSE"]
@@ -21,9 +21,11 @@ classifiers = [
   "Programming Language :: Python",
   "Programming Language :: Python :: 3",
   "Programming Language :: Python :: 3 :: Only",
-  "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.9",
   "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.10",
   "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.11",
+  "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.12",
+  "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.13",
+  "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.14",
   "Topic :: Software Development :: Testing",
   "Topic :: System :: Systems Administration",
   "Framework :: Pytest",

ruff.toml

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-target-version = "py39"
+target-version = "py310"
 
 [lint]
 select = [

testinfra/backend/ansible.py

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@
 import json
 import logging
 import pprint
-from typing import Any, Optional
+from typing import Any
 
 from testinfra.backend import base
 from testinfra.utils.ansible_runner import AnsibleRunner
@@ -28,9 +28,9 @@ class AnsibleBackend(base.BaseBackend):
     def __init__(
         self,
         host: str,
-        ansible_inventory: Optional[str] = None,
-        ssh_config: Optional[str] = None,
-        ssh_identity_file: Optional[str] = None,
+        ansible_inventory: str | None = None,
+        ssh_config: str | None = None,
+        ssh_identity_file: str | None = None,
         force_ansible: bool = False,
         *args: Any,
         **kwargs: Any,
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ def run(self, command: str, *args: str, **kwargs: Any) -> base.CommandResult:
         return self.result(rc, self.encode(command), stdout, stderr)
 
     def run_ansible(
-        self, module_name: str, module_args: Optional[str] = None, **kwargs: Any
+        self, module_name: str, module_args: str | None = None, **kwargs: Any
     ) -> Any:
         def get_encoding() -> str:
             return self.encoding

testinfra/backend/base.py

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
 import shlex
 import subprocess
 import urllib.parse
-from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, Optional, Union
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
     import testinfra.host
@@ -28,9 +28,9 @@
 @dataclasses.dataclass
 class HostSpec:
     name: str
-    port: Optional[str]
-    user: Optional[str]
-    password: Optional[str]
+    port: str | None
+    user: str | None
+    password: str | None
 
 
 @dataclasses.dataclass
@@ -55,8 +55,8 @@ class CommandResult:
     backend: "BaseBackend"
     exit_status: int
     command: bytes
-    _stdout: Union[str, bytes]
-    _stderr: Union[str, bytes]
+    _stdout: str | bytes
+    _stderr: str | bytes
 
     @property
     def succeeded(self) -> bool:
@@ -141,12 +141,12 @@ def __init__(
         self,
         hostname: str,
         sudo: bool = False,
-        sudo_user: Optional[str] = None,
+        sudo_user: str | None = None,
         *args: Any,
         **kwargs: Any,
     ):
-        self._encoding: Optional[str] = None
-        self._host: Optional[testinfra.host.Host] = None
+        self._encoding: str | None = None
+        self._host: testinfra.host.Host | None = None
         self.hostname = hostname
         self.sudo = sudo
         self.sudo_user = sudo_user
@@ -207,7 +207,7 @@ def quote(command: str, *args: str) -> str:
             return command % tuple(shlex.quote(a) for a in args)
         return command
 
-    def get_sudo_command(self, command: str, sudo_user: Optional[str]) -> str:
+    def get_sudo_command(self, command: str, sudo_user: str | None) -> str:
         if sudo_user is None:
             return self.quote("sudo /bin/sh -c %s", command)
         return self.quote("sudo -u %s /bin/sh -c %s", sudo_user, command)
@@ -265,7 +265,7 @@ def parse_hostspec(hostspec: str) -> HostSpec:
         return HostSpec(name, port, user, password)
 
     @staticmethod
-    def parse_containerspec(containerspec: str) -> tuple[str, Optional[str]]:
+    def parse_containerspec(containerspec: str) -> tuple[str, str | None]:
         name = containerspec
         user = None
         if "@" in name:
@@ -311,7 +311,7 @@ def encode(self, data: str) -> bytes:
             return data.encode(self.encoding)
 
     def result(
-        self, rc: int, cmd: bytes, stdout: Union[str, bytes], stderr: Union[str, bytes]
+        self, rc: int, cmd: bytes, stdout: str | bytes, stderr: str | bytes
     ) -> CommandResult:
         result = CommandResult(
             backend=self,

testinfra/backend/paramiko.py

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
     ) from None
 
 import functools
-from typing import Any, Optional
+from typing import Any
 
 import paramiko.pkey
 import paramiko.ssh_exception
@@ -44,8 +44,8 @@ class ParamikoBackend(base.BaseBackend):
     def __init__(
         self,
         hostspec: str,
-        ssh_config: Optional[str] = None,
-        ssh_identity_file: Optional[str] = None,
+        ssh_config: str | None = None,
+        ssh_identity_file: str | None = None,
         timeout: int = 10,
         *args: Any,
         **kwargs: Any,

testinfra/backend/salt.py

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
         "You must install salt package to use the salt backend"
     ) from None
 
-from typing import Any, Optional
+from typing import Any
 
 from testinfra.backend import base
 
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ class SaltBackend(base.BaseBackend):
 
     def __init__(self, host: str, *args: Any, **kwargs: Any):
         self.host = host
-        self._client: Optional[salt.client.LocalClient] = None
+        self._client: salt.client.LocalClient | None = None
         super().__init__(self.host, *args, **kwargs)
 
     @property

testinfra/backend/ssh.py

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
 # limitations under the License.
 
 import base64
-from typing import Any, Optional
+from typing import Any
 
 from testinfra.backend import base
 
@@ -24,12 +24,12 @@ class SshBackend(base.BaseBackend):
     def __init__(
         self,
         hostspec: str,
-        ssh_config: Optional[str] = None,
-        ssh_identity_file: Optional[str] = None,
+        ssh_config: str | None = None,
+        ssh_identity_file: str | None = None,
         timeout: int = 10,
-        controlpath: Optional[str] = None,
+        controlpath: str | None = None,
         controlpersist: int = 60,
-        ssh_extra_args: Optional[str] = None,
+        ssh_extra_args: str | None = None,
         *args: Any,
         **kwargs: Any,
     ):

testinfra/backend/winrm.py

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
 # limitations under the License.
 
 import re
-from typing import Any, Optional
+from typing import Any
 
 from testinfra.backend import base
 
@@ -52,8 +52,8 @@ def __init__(
         hostspec: str,
         no_ssl: bool = False,
         no_verify_ssl: bool = False,
-        read_timeout_sec: Optional[int] = None,
-        operation_timeout_sec: Optional[int] = None,
+        read_timeout_sec: int | None = None,
+        operation_timeout_sec: int | None = None,
         *args: Any,
         **kwargs: Any,
     ):

testinfra/modules/socket.py

@@ -12,7 +12,6 @@
 
 import functools
 import socket
-from typing import Optional
 
 from testinfra.modules.base import Module
 
@@ -121,7 +120,7 @@ def is_listening(self):
         )
 
     @property
-    def clients(self) -> list[Optional[tuple[str, int]]]:
+    def clients(self) -> list[tuple[str, int] | None]:
         """Return a list of clients connected to a listening socket
 
         For tcp and udp sockets a list of pair (address, port) is returned.
@@ -134,7 +133,7 @@ def clients(self) -> list[Optional[tuple[str, int]]]:
         [None, None, None]
 
         """
-        sockets: list[Optional[tuple[str, int]]] = []
+        sockets: list[tuple[str, int] | None] = []
         for sock in self._iter_sockets(False):
             if sock[0] != self.protocol:
                 continue

testinfra/utils/ansible_runner.py

@@ -17,8 +17,8 @@
 import json
 import os
 import tempfile
-from collections.abc import Iterator
-from typing import Any, Callable, Optional, Union
+from collections.abc import Callable, Iterator
+from typing import Any
 
 import testinfra
 import testinfra.host
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ def get_ansible_config() -> configparser.ConfigParser:
 
 
 def get_ansible_inventory(
-    config: configparser.ConfigParser, inventory_file: Optional[str]
+    config: configparser.ConfigParser, inventory_file: str | None
 ) -> Inventory:
     # Disable ansible verbosity to avoid
     # https://github.com/ansible/ansible/issues/59973
@@ -66,9 +66,9 @@ def get_ansible_host(
     config: configparser.ConfigParser,
     inventory: Inventory,
     host: str,
-    ssh_config: Optional[str] = None,
-    ssh_identity_file: Optional[str] = None,
-) -> Optional[testinfra.host.Host]:
+    ssh_config: str | None = None,
+    ssh_identity_file: str | None = None,
+) -> testinfra.host.Host | None:
     if is_empty_inventory(inventory):
         if host == "localhost":
             return testinfra.get_host("local://")
@@ -139,9 +139,7 @@ def get_ansible_host(
         },
     }
 
-    def get_config(
-        name: str, default: Union[None, bool, str] = None
-    ) -> Union[None, bool, str]:
+    def get_config(name: str, default: None | bool | str = None) -> None | bool | str:
         value = default
         option = options.get(name, {})
 
@@ -164,7 +162,7 @@ def get_config(
     password = get_config("ansible_ssh_pass")
     port = get_config("ansible_port")
 
-    kwargs: dict[str, Union[None, str, bool]] = {}
+    kwargs: dict[str, None | str | bool] = {}
     if get_config("ansible_become", False):
         kwargs["sudo"] = True
     kwargs["sudo_user"] = get_config("ansible_become_user")
@@ -233,7 +231,7 @@ def is_empty_inventory(inventory: Inventory) -> bool:
 
 
 class AnsibleRunner:
-    _runners: dict[Optional[str], "AnsibleRunner"] = {}
+    _runners: dict[str | None, "AnsibleRunner"] = {}
     _known_options = {
         # Boolean arguments.
         "become": {
@@ -272,9 +270,9 @@ class AnsibleRunner:
         },
     }
 
-    def __init__(self, inventory_file: Optional[str] = None):
+    def __init__(self, inventory_file: str | None = None):
         self.inventory_file = inventory_file
-        self._host_cache: dict[str, Optional[testinfra.host.Host]] = {}
+        self._host_cache: dict[str, testinfra.host.Host | None] = {}
         super().__init__()
 
     def get_hosts(self, pattern: str = "all") -> list[str]:
@@ -327,7 +325,7 @@ def get_variables(self, host: str) -> dict[str, Any]:
         hostvars.setdefault("groups", groups)
         return hostvars
 
-    def get_host(self, host: str, **kwargs: Any) -> Optional[testinfra.host.Host]:
+    def get_host(self, host: str, **kwargs: Any) -> testinfra.host.Host | None:
         try:
             return self._host_cache[host]
         except KeyError:
@@ -369,8 +367,8 @@ def run_module(
         self,
         host: str,
         module_name: str,
-        module_args: Optional[str],
-        get_encoding: Optional[Callable[[], str]] = None,
+        module_args: str | None,
+        get_encoding: Callable[[], str] | None = None,
         **options: Any,
     ) -> Any:
         cmd, args = "ansible --tree %s", []
@@ -411,7 +409,7 @@ def run_module(
                     return json.load(f)
 
     @classmethod
-    def get_runner(cls, inventory: Optional[str]) -> "AnsibleRunner":
+    def get_runner(cls, inventory: str | None) -> "AnsibleRunner":
         try:
             return cls._runners[inventory]
         except KeyError: