Fix and extend anonymize_info

doc/changes/dev/13647.newfeature.rst

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Add finer-grained control to :func:`mne.io.anonymize_info` and the related methods :meth:`mne.io.Raw.anonymize`, :meth:`mne.Epochs.anonymize`, and :meth:`mne.Evoked.anonymize` by allowing ``keep_his`` to accept one or more strings; ``keep_his=True`` remains unchanged (retaining ``"his_id"``, ``"sex"``, and ``"hand"`` from anonymization), but individual fields can now also be retained (the default ``keep_his=False`` also remains unchanged and still anonymizes all fields), by `Clemens Brunner`_.

mne/_fiff/meas_info.py

@@ -3668,6 +3668,18 @@ def anonymize_info(info, daysback=None, keep_his=False, verbose=None):
     """
     _validate_type(info, "info", "self")
 
+    valid_fields = {"his_id", "sex", "hand"}
+    if isinstance(keep_his, bool):  # True means keep all fields, False means keep none
+        keep_fields = valid_fields if keep_his else set()
+    elif isinstance(keep_his, str):
+        _check_option("keep_his", keep_his, valid_fields)
+        keep_fields = {keep_his}
+    else:
+        _validate_type(keep_his, (list, tuple, set), "keep_his")
+        keep_fields = set(keep_his)
+        for field in keep_fields:
+            _check_option("keep_his", field, valid_fields)
+
     default_anon_dos = datetime.datetime(
         2000, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, tzinfo=datetime.timezone.utc
     )
@@ -3718,17 +3730,19 @@ def anonymize_info(info, daysback=None, keep_his=False, verbose=None):
     if subject_info is not None:
         if subject_info.get("id") is not None:
             subject_info["id"] = default_subject_id
-        if keep_his:
+        if keep_fields:
             logger.info(
-                "Not fully anonymizing info - keeping his_id, sex, and hand info"
+                f"Not fully anonymizing info - keeping {', '.join(sorted(keep_fields))}"
+                " of subject_info"
             )
-        else:
+        if "his_id" not in keep_fields:
             if subject_info.get("his_id") is not None:
                 subject_info["his_id"] = str(default_subject_id)
+        if "sex" not in keep_fields:
             if subject_info.get("sex") is not None:
                 subject_info["sex"] = default_sex
-            if subject_info.get("hand") is not None:
-                del subject_info["hand"]  # there's no "unknown" setting
+        if "hand" not in keep_fields:
+            subject_info.pop("hand", None)  # there's no "unknown" setting
 
         for key in ("last_name", "first_name", "middle_name"):
             if subject_info.get(key) is not None:

mne/_fiff/tests/test_meas_info.py

@@ -743,7 +743,7 @@ def _test_anonymize_info(base_info, tmp_path):
         base_info["subject_info"].update(
             birthday=date(1987, 4, 8),
             his_id="foobar",
-            sex=0,
+            sex=1,
         )
 
     # generate expected info...
@@ -812,7 +812,7 @@ def _adjust_back(e_i, dt):
     exp_info_2 = exp_info.copy()
     with exp_info_2._unlock():
         exp_info_2["subject_info"]["his_id"] = "foobar"
-        exp_info_2["subject_info"]["sex"] = 0
+        exp_info_2["subject_info"]["sex"] = 1
         exp_info_2["subject_info"]["hand"] = 1
 
     # exp 3 tests is a supplied daysback
@@ -842,12 +842,54 @@ def _check_equiv(got, want, err_msg):
     new_info = anonymize_info(base_info.copy(), keep_his=True)
     _check_equiv(new_info, exp_info_2, err_msg="anon keep_his mismatch")
 
+    # keep only his_id
+    new_info = anonymize_info(base_info.copy(), keep_his="his_id")
+    assert new_info["subject_info"]["his_id"] == "foobar"
+    assert new_info["subject_info"]["sex"] == 0
+    assert "hand" not in new_info["subject_info"]
+
+    # keep only sex
+    new_info = anonymize_info(base_info.copy(), keep_his="sex")
+    assert new_info["subject_info"]["his_id"] == "0"
+    assert new_info["subject_info"]["sex"] == 1
+    assert "hand" not in new_info["subject_info"]
+
+    # keep only hand
+    new_info = anonymize_info(base_info.copy(), keep_his="hand")
+    assert new_info["subject_info"]["his_id"] == "0"
+    assert new_info["subject_info"]["sex"] == 0
+    assert new_info["subject_info"]["hand"] == 1
+
+    # keep his_id and sex
+    new_info = anonymize_info(base_info.copy(), keep_his=["his_id", "sex"])
+    assert new_info["subject_info"]["his_id"] == "foobar"
+    assert new_info["subject_info"]["sex"] == 1
+    assert "hand" not in new_info["subject_info"]
+
+    # keep only hand
+    new_info = anonymize_info(base_info.copy(), keep_his=["hand"])
+    assert new_info["subject_info"]["his_id"] == "0"
+    assert new_info["subject_info"]["sex"] == 0
+    assert new_info["subject_info"]["hand"] == 1
+
+    # keep his_id and hand
+    new_info = anonymize_info(base_info.copy(), keep_his=("his_id", "hand"))
+    assert new_info["subject_info"]["his_id"] == "foobar"
+    assert new_info["subject_info"]["sex"] == 0
+    assert new_info["subject_info"]["hand"] == 1
+
+    # invalid keep_his values
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="Invalid value"):
+        anonymize_info(base_info.copy(), keep_his="invalid_field")
+
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="Invalid value"):
+        anonymize_info(base_info.copy(), keep_his=["his_id", "invalid"])
+
     new_info = anonymize_info(base_info.copy(), daysback=delta_t_2.days)
     _check_equiv(new_info, exp_info_3, err_msg="anon daysback mismatch")
 
     with pytest.raises(RuntimeError, match="anonymize_info generated"):
         anonymize_info(base_info.copy(), daysback=delta_t_3.days)
-    # assert_object_equal(new_info, exp_info_4)
 
     # test with meas_date = None
     with base_info._unlock():

mne/utils/docs.py

@@ -249,8 +249,9 @@ def _reflow_param_docstring(docstring, has_first_line=True, width=75):
 - meas_date, file_id, meas_id
         A default value, or as specified by ``daysback``.
 - subject_info
-        Default values, except for 'birthday' which is adjusted
-        to maintain the subject age.
+        Default values, except for 'birthday', which is adjusted to maintain the subject
+        age. If ``keep_his`` is not ``False``, then the fields 'his_id', 'sex', and
+        'hand' are not anonymized, depending on the value of ``keep_his``.
 - experimenter, proj_name, description
         Default strings.
 - utc_offset
@@ -2276,12 +2277,16 @@ def _reflow_param_docstring(docstring, has_first_line=True, width=75):
 # K
 
 docdict["keep_his_anonymize_info"] = """
-keep_his : bool
-    If ``True``, ``his_id`` of ``subject_info`` will **not** be overwritten.
-    Defaults to ``False``.
-
-    .. warning:: This could mean that ``info`` is not fully
-                 anonymized. Use with caution.
+keep_his : bool | "his_id" | "sex" | "hand" | sequence of {"his_id", "sex", "hand"}
+    If ``True``, ``his_id``, ``sex``, and ``hand`` of ``subject_info`` will **not** be
+    overwritten. If ``False``, these fields will be anonymized. If ``"his_id"``,
+    ``"sex"``, or ``"hand"`` (or any combination thereof in a sequence), only those
+    fields will **not** be anonymized. Defaults to ``False``.
+
+    .. warning:: Setting ``keep_his`` to anything other than ``False`` may result in
+                 ``info`` not being fully anonymized. Use with caution.
+    .. versionchanged:: 1.12
+       Added support for sequence of ``str``.
 """
 
 docdict["kit_badcoils"] = """