CVE-2025-47812-Case-Study.md

[kodidalabhavitha]

Case Study: CWE-262 – CVE-2025-47812 – Wing FTP Server Remote Code Execution

CVE-2025-47812 affects Wing FTP Server versions prior to 7.4.4. The bug is due to incorrect processing of null bytes (\0) in session files, leading to Lua code injection for the purpose of remote code execution. In many cases where it is running as a service, privileges are root or SYSTEM; hence, exploitation leads to complete server compromise. Public proof-of-concept exploits exist, and active exploitation is reported.

Mitigation: Upgrade to Wing FTP Server 7.4.4 or later, disable anonymous FTP, and monitor logs.
Prevention: Enforce secure defaults, validate inputs, and reduce unnecessary scripting features.
References: NVD CVE-2025-47812, Qualys Advisory, Tenable Advisory, Huntress Labs, GitHub PoC.

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[abuttner]

Please try to add more detail to this case study. Ideally you can walk the reader through the vulnerable code, point out the specific line(s) where the mistake/weakness is, and then show how the developer fixed the issue by presenting the fixed code. Please see the existing case studies for examples of how this has been accomplished.

[stevechristeycoley]

Automated Analysis Results of This Use Case

Thank you for providing your use case! Apologies for the form letter, but it's a pleasure to see y'all :)

With technical knowledge work such as this project, it is important to structure information as well as possible, so that it can be processed automatically.

We also want to validate our inputs ;-)

So, this report contains the results of an automated analysis of the provided use case, looking for consistency with the documented format as covered in Section 3 "Case Study Structure" of the Style Guide.

Disclaimers:

• David Wheeler may provide guidance on how to handle these reports. We're grateful that you've put in this work already, and we don't want to burden you unnecessarily 'cuz you're probably busy :)
• Our style guide was not always 100% clear (as often happens early in technical knowledge work), so this analysis attempts to automatically resolve potential inconsistencies.
• This report is provided as a convenience. There may be some errors or omissions in this report.
• We will conduct deeper analysis at a later time.

Items are prioritized from Informative, Low, Medium, to High in terms of current importance to the project.

Analyzing Presence of Markdown

Markdown detected in the document.

Parser Issues

The following issues were encountered by the parser used to analyze this file. This might explain potential errors and false positives in the subsequent analysis.

• [Info] Inferring that line 1 contains the title

Section Analysis

• [Info] 0 major section-name issues detected.
• [Med] Section 'Title' is expected to have 1 hash marks, but it has 2
• [Med] Section 'Introduction' is expected to have 3 hash marks, but it has 2
• [Med] Section 'Software' is expected to have 3 hash marks, but it has 2
• [Med] Section 'Weakness' is expected to have 3 hash marks, but it has 2
• [Med] Section 'Vulnerability' is expected to have 3 hash marks, but it has 2
• [Med] Section 'Exploit' is expected to have 3 hash marks, but it has 2
• [Med] Section 'Fix' is expected to have 3 hash marks, but it has 2
• [Med] Section 'Prevention' is expected to have 3 hash marks, but it has 2
• [Med] Section 'Conclusion' is expected to have 3 hash marks, but it has 2
• [Med] Section 'References' is expected to have 3 hash marks, but it has 2
• [Med] Section 'Contributions' is expected to have 3 hash marks, but it has 2

Analyzing Title Section

Note: the analysis may be incorrect depending on how
you provided the title. This an issue with the analyzer.

Inferred/Extracted Title begins with text: '1. Title **Critical Remote Code Execution via Null...'

• [Low] Title does not contain only capital letters
• [Med] Title contains more than 8 words (longer than the recommended 4 to 6)

Analyzing Introduction Section

No issues found.

Analyzing Software Section

• [High] Missing **Name:** in Software section
• [High] Missing **Language:** in Software section
• [High] Missing **URL:** in Software section

Analyzing Weakness Section

No issues found.

Analyzing Vulnerability Section

• [High] Vulnerability section does not appear to contain a CVE-YYYY-NNNN
• [Med] Vulnerability section does not appear to contain a 'vulnerable file:' label
• [Med] No apparent source code ``` tags in Vulnerability section

Analyzing Fix Section

• [Med] Fix section does not appear to contain a 'fixed file:' label
• [Med] No apparent source code ``` tags in Fix section

Analyzing References Section

No issues found.