Last Will exercise + namespaces

concepts/namespaces/.meta/config.json

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+{
+  "blurb": "Classes and modules provide namespaces. Namespaces can be nested, which might help to structure big code bases. Access to the namespaces is done via the scope-resolution operator.",
+  "authors": ["vaeng","vaiapatta1985"],
+  "contributors": []
+}

concepts/namespaces/about.md

@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+# Introduction
+
+# Namespaces
+
+An important method for code organization is the use of namespaces.
+Classes and modules provide namespaces.
+Two methods might have a naming collision, which can be resolved by putting them in different namespaces.
+Namespaces can be nested, which might help to structure big code bases.
+Access to the namespaces is done via the scope-resolution operator `::`.
+
+The example below shows the use of two different `foo` methods.
+They are used together by prefixing their respective namespaces.
+
+```ruby
+class MyNamespace
+  def self.foo
+    44
+  end
+
+  class MyInnerNamespace
+    def self.baz
+      90
+    end
+  end
+end
+
+class MyOtherNamespace
+  def self.foo
+    -2
+  end
+end
+
+p MyNamespace::foo + MyOtherNamespace::foo * MyNamespace::MyInnerNamespace::baz  # => -136
+```
+
+Note that namespaces are interpreted based on where the executing code is.
+To refer to something in the *root* namespace, (ie outside all defined namespaces), start with `::`.
+
+For example:
+
+```ruby
+class Example
+  def self.example
+    5
+  end
+end
+
+class MyNamespace
+
+  class Example
+    def self.example
+      10
+    end
+  end
+
+  def self.call_example
+    p Example::example  # => 10
+    p ::Example::example  # => 5
+  end
+end
+```

concepts/namespaces/introduction.md

@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+# Introduction
+
+# Namespaces
+
+An important method for code organization is the use of namespaces.
+Classes and modules provide namespaces.
+Two methods might have a naming collision, which can be resolved by putting them in different namespaces.
+Namespaces can be nested, which might help to structure big code bases.
+Access to the namespaces is done via the scope-resolution operator `::`.
+
+The example below shows the use of two different `foo` methods.
+They are used together by prefixing their respective namespaces.
+
+```ruby
+class MyNamespace
+  def self.foo
+    44
+  end
+
+  class MyInnerNamespace
+    def self.baz
+      90
+    end
+  end
+end
+
+class MyOtherNamespace
+  def self.foo
+    -2
+  end
+end
+
+p MyNamespace::foo + MyOtherNamespace::foo * MyNamespace::MyInnerNamespace::baz  # => -136
+```
+
+Note that namespaces are interpreted based on where the executing code is.
+To refer to something in the *root* namespace, (ie outside all defined namespaces), start with `::`.
+
+For example:
+
+```ruby
+class Example
+  def self.example
+    5
+  end
+end
+
+class MyNamespace
+
+  class Example
+    def self.example
+      10
+    end
+  end
+
+  def self.call_example
+    p Example::example  # => 10
+    p ::Example::example  # => 5
+  end
+end
+```

concepts/namespaces/links.json

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+[
+  {
+    "url": "https://docs.ruby-lang.org/en/4.0/syntax/modules_and_classes_rdoc.html",
+    "description": "Syntax for Ruby Modules and Classes"
+  }
+]

config.json

@@ -188,6 +188,18 @@
           "ostruct"
         ]
       },
+      {
+        "slug": "last-will",
+        "name": "Last Will",
+        "uuid": "74b09c2d-916c-4c05-87b1-a348f8828733",
+        "concepts": [
+          "namespaces"
+        ],
+        "prerequisites": [
+          "basics",
+          "modules"
+        ]
+      },
       {
         "slug": "moviegoer",
         "name": "Moviegoer",
@@ -1624,6 +1636,11 @@
       "slug": "multiple-assignment-and-decomposition",
       "name": "Multiple Assignment and Decomposition"
     },
+    {
+      "uuid": "80baa40d-ea8d-4958-940d-8c222be71a00",
+      "slug": "namespaces",
+      "name": "Namespaces"
+    },
     {
       "uuid": "fa482f4a-19d6-4d13-ad9e-5121c536dc76",
       "slug": "ostruct",

exercises/concept/last-will/.docs/hints.md

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+# Hints
+
+## General
+
+- Do not change the code in the families' namespaces.
+- Do not copy the values into your code, call the functions.
+
+## 1. Take your seat in front of the families and lay out your papers
+
+- The namespace has to be called `EstateExecutor` for the tests to work.
+
+## 2. Find the secret account number
+
+Each `bank_number_part` has to be called with the `secret_modifier` from the parameter list.
+
+## 3. Last step: Enter the secret code
+
+- You can call functions from nested namespaces like this `OuterNamespace::InnerNamespace::my_function`.
+
+- Take care to add the blue and the red fragments separately before multiplicating both parts.

exercises/concept/last-will/.docs/instructions.md

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+# Instructions
+
+You work for a prestigious law firm that is specialized in handling unique testament requests.
+
+In this exercise, you are going to open a mysterious vault.
+You are the executor of the estate and will assemble the long-kept secret codes of three families to get an account number and the matching code.
+
+To prevent any family from opening the vault alone, it can only be opened by combining their knowledge with a secret modifier that you know from the last will.
+
+You have three tasks, all related to helping the families to open the vault.
+
+# 1. Take your seat in front of the families and lay out your papers
+
+Define a namespace called `EstateExecutor`.
+The code from the next tasks should be defined in the body of the `EstateExecutor` namespace.
+
+```ruby
+class SomeName
+    # The space between the class/module name
+    # and the `end` keyword
+    # is called body of the  namespace.
+end
+```
+
+# 2. Find the secret account number
+
+This is your big moment.
+Only you have the secret modifier key to reveal the secret account number.
+
+Define the `assemble_account_number(secret_modifier)` method that takes the `Integer` secret modifier as an argument and returns the `Integer` assembled account number.
+
+To get the correct number, you have to sum up the `bank_number_part` from each of the three families.
+
+# 3. Last step: Enter the secret code
+
+The instructions in the testament ask you to add all the blue and then all the red fragments.
+The resulting code is obtained by multiplying both sums.
+
+Define the `assemble_code` method that returns the resulting code by combining the fragments from the three families to a single `Integer` result.
+The method does not have any arguments and relies solely on the information in the relevant namespaces from the families.
+
+# Source
+
+## Created by
+
+- @vaeng (original C++ exercise)
+- @vaiapatta1985 (transcription to Ruby)

exercises/concept/last-will/.docs/introduction.md

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+# Introduction
+
+# Namespaces
+
+An important method for code organization is the use of namespaces.
+Classes and modules provide namespaces.
+Two methods might have a naming collision, which can be resolved by putting them in different namespaces.
+Namespaces can be nested, which might help to structure big code bases.
+Access to the namespaces is done via the scope-resolution operator `::`.
+
+The example below shows the use of two different `foo` methods.
+They are used together by prefixing their respective namespaces.
+
+```ruby
+class MyNamespace
+  def self.foo
+    44
+  end
+
+  class MyInnerNamespace
+    def self.baz
+      90
+    end
+  end
+end
+
+class MyOtherNamespace
+  def self.foo
+    -2
+  end
+end
+
+p MyNamespace::foo + MyOtherNamespace::foo * MyNamespace::MyInnerNamespace::baz  # => -136
+```
+
+Note that namespaces are interpreted based on where the executing code is.
+To refer to something in the *root* namespace, (ie outside all defined namespaces), start with `::`.
+
+For example:
+
+```ruby
+class Example
+  def self.example
+    5
+  end
+end
+
+class MyNamespace
+
+  class Example
+    def self.example
+      10
+    end
+  end
+
+  def self.call_example
+    p Example::example  # => 10
+    p ::Example::example  # => 5
+  end
+end
+```

exercises/concept/last-will/.meta/config.json

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+{
+  "authors": [
+    "vaeng",
+    "vaiapatta1985"
+  ],
+  "files": {
+    "solution": [
+      "last_will.rb"
+    ],
+    "test": [
+      "last_will_test.rb"
+    ],
+    "exemplar": [
+      ".meta/exemplar.rb"
+    ]
+  },
+  "blurb": "Classes and modules provide namespaces. Namespaces can be nested, which might help to structure big code bases. Access to the namespaces is done via the scope-resolution operator."
+}

exercises/concept/last-will/.meta/design.md

@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+# Design
+
+## Goal
+
+The goal of this exercise is to teach the student how to use namespaces in Ruby.
+
+## Learning objectives
+
+- Know how to call a method defined in a namespace.
+- Know how to organize methods in namespaces.
+
+## Out of scope
+
+- Memory and performance characteristics.
+- Method overloads.
+- Lambdas.
+- Optional parameters.
+- Visibility.
+
+## Concepts
+
+The Concepts this exercise unlocks are:
+
+- `namespaces`: know how to call a method defined in a namespace; know how to organize methods in namespaces.
+
+## Prerequisites
+
+- `basics`
+- `modules`
+
+## Representer
+
+This exercise does not require any specific representation logic to be added to the [representer][representer].
+
+## Analyzer
+
+This exercise does not require any specific logic to be added to the [analyzer][analyzer].
+
+[analyzer]: https://github.com/exercism/ruby-analyzer
+[representer]: https://github.com/exercism/ruby-representer