fix: building with non other standard libraries than glibc

[AMS21]

I've noticed since version 2.19.0 building with musl libc (alpine for example). I get the following error:

/dev/cppcheck/cli/stacktrace.cpp:29:10: fatal error: execinfo.h: No such file or directory
   29 | #include <execinfo.h>
      |          ^~~~~~~~~~~~

Documentation mentions explicitly that execinfo.h is not available on the following platforms: musl libc, FreeBSD 9.3, NetBSD 6.1, OpenBSD 6.9, Minix 3.1.8, AIX 5.1, HP-UX 11, Solaris 10, Cygwin, mingw, MSVC 14, Android 9.0

[sonarqubecloud]

Quality Gate passed

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0 New issues
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[firewave]

We dropped this change since it doesn't work. __GLIBC__ is not a built-in define but defined by the used libc and requires an include beforehand.

The correct handling would be to detect if the include is available. Unfortunately __has_include is not available until C++17. Using CMake we can detect if the include exists but that still leaves the regular Makefile.

Knowing the use case of musl (although I think nobody should ever be using it as it violates the spec) to reproduce it I will take a look on fixing this properly. This also allows us to add a step to the CI to make sure it doesn't break in the future.

[firewave]

I filed https://trac.cppcheck.net/ticket/14579 about it and started adding Alpine to the CI in #8313.