fix: result.h cpplint failed after upgraded to gcc14

[dongxiao1198]

fix result.h cpplint fail after upgraded to gcc14

[HuaHuaY]

The reason for this problem is a bit complex:

1. Arrow cannot be compiled under GCC14 with C++23. So we set CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 17 for arrow.
2. After clang-tidy reads compile_commands.json, it believes that result.h might be included by arrow and sees a -std=c++17 flag in arrow's compilation commands.
3. Clang-tidy assumes that result.h should also be compiled under C++17.

I think the solution to this problem is to force clang-tidy to compile under C++23. You can find my test PR #365. It compiles result.h successfully with cpp-linter extra-args: '-std=c++23 ...'.

I have opened a new PR #367 to fix this issue.

[wgtmac]

Thanks @HuaHuaY for investigation! Let me close this as it is fixed in another PR.