Dev: Added CoordinateConverter for Cartesian and Polar coordinate conversions

[BanulaKumarage]

• I have read CONTRIBUTING.md.
• This pull request is all my own work -- I have not plagiarized it.
• All filenames are in PascalCase.
• All functions and variable names follow Java naming conventions.
• All new algorithms have a URL in their comments that points to Wikipedia or other similar explanations.
• All new code is formatted with clang-format -i --style=file path/to/your/file.java

[codecov-commenter]

Codecov Report

✅ All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests.
✅ Project coverage is 75.76%. Comparing base (a0b6c52) to head (3bf9d58).

Additional details and impacted files

@@             Coverage Diff              @@
##             master    #6628      +/-   ##
============================================
+ Coverage     75.74%   75.76%   +0.02%     
- Complexity     5765     5772       +7     
============================================
  Files           701      702       +1     
  Lines         19757    19770      +13     
  Branches       3831     3832       +1     
============================================
+ Hits          14964    14978      +14     
  Misses         4214     4214              
+ Partials        579      578       -1     

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[alxkm]

Looks good. Thanks for the contribution.