Added Sum of Squares Lagrange's Four Square algorithm implementation

[BEASTSHRIRAM]

The implementation includes:

Lagrange's Four Square Theorem algorithm(Very useful for competitive programming students will surely get help)(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lagrange%27s_four-square_theorem)
Comprehensive test cases covering all scenarios (1, 2, 3, and 4 squares)
Proper documentation and code structure
Edge case handling

• [x ] I have read CONTRIBUTING.md.
• This pull request is all my own work -- I have not plagiarized it.
• All filenames are in PascalCase.
• All functions and variable names follow Java naming conventions.
• All new algorithms have a URL in their comments that points to Wikipedia or other similar explanations.
• All new code is formatted with clang-format -i --style=file path/to/your/file.java

[codecov-commenter]

Codecov Report

❌ Patch coverage is 87.50000% with 2 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.
✅ Project coverage is 75.50%. Comparing base (15695c6) to head (f607b2f).

Files with missing lines	Patch %	Lines
...ain/java/com/thealgorithms/maths/SumOfSquares.java	87.50%	1 Missing and 1 partial ⚠️

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff            @@
##             master    #6583   +/-   ##
=========================================
  Coverage     75.49%   75.50%           
- Complexity     5680     5688    +8     
=========================================
  Files           693      694    +1     
  Lines         19554    19570   +16     
  Branches       3786     3791    +5     
=========================================
+ Hits          14762    14776   +14     
- Misses         4216     4217    +1     
- Partials        576      577    +1     

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[BEASTSHRIRAM]

Please accept and add add hacktoberfest accepted label
Thanks

[alxkm]

Looks good. Thanks for your contribution.