SplitUri : Parse Uri Utility

Objective

Parse the Uri for HTTP resources with support for std::format and nlohmann.json serializers.

Conforms to the WHATWG URL Standard specification.

While there are many, many libraries available, the goal of this implementation is to make usage easy.

Features

• WHATWG URL Standard conformance including:
  • All special schemes: ftp (port 21), file, http (port 80), https (port 443), ws (port 80), wss (port 443)
  • Case-insensitive scheme parsing (e.g., HTTPS:// is recognized as https)
  • Host lowercasing for special schemes per the domain-to-ASCII algorithm
  • Separate username and password credential fields
  • Leading/trailing C0 control and space character stripping
  • ASCII tab and newline removal from input
  • Backslash (\) normalization to forward slash (/) for special schemes
  • IPv6 address support in bracket notation [::1]
  • Path dot-segment resolution (. and .. segments)
  • Port validation (must be 0-65535, out-of-range results in validation error)
  • defaultPortForScheme() and isSpecialScheme() utility functions
• Literals support so you can use auto u= "https://www.siddiqsoft.com/"_Uri;
• Formatters for std::format as well as serializers for nlohmann.json library.
• Support for std::string and std::wstring
• Cross-platform header-only with googletest framework for tests. Build and tests are for Visual Studio 2019 under x64.

Please refer to the documentation.

WHATWG URL Standard

This library conforms to the WHATWG URL Standard with the following key behaviors:

Special Schemes (§4.2)

Scheme	Default Port
ftp	21
file	(none)
http	80
https	443
ws	80
wss	443

URL Components

scheme://username:password@host:port/path?query#fragment

Key Conformance Points

• Scheme: Parsed case-insensitively and stored as the canonical lowercase form
• Host: Lowercased for special schemes (domain-to-ASCII)
• Port: Validated as 16-bit unsigned integer (0-65535); out-of-range ports result in port being set to 0
• Credentials: username and password are parsed as separate fields from user:pass@host
• Input sanitization: Leading/trailing C0 control characters and spaces are stripped; ASCII tabs and newlines are removed
• Path resolution: Single-dot (.) and double-dot (..) path segments are resolved
• Backslash normalization: \ is treated as / in path parsing for special schemes

Usage

Breaking change with v1.9.0 the literals namespace has been changed to siddiqsoft::splituri_literals.

Breaking change with WHATWG conformance: AuthorityHttp now has a separate password field. The userInfo field contains only the username. Host names are lowercased for special schemes.

New Scheme Types

// WebSocket support
auto ws = siddiqsoft::SplitUri("ws://example.com:9090/chat");
// ws.scheme == UriScheme::WebSocket
// ws.authority.port == 9090

// WebSocket Secure support
auto wss = siddiqsoft::SplitUri("wss://example.com/chat");
// wss.scheme == UriScheme::WebSocketSecure
// wss.authority.port == 443

// FTP support
auto ftp = siddiqsoft::SplitUri("ftp://files.example.com/pub/readme.txt");
// ftp.scheme == UriScheme::Ftp
// ftp.authority.port == 21

Password Parsing

auto uri = siddiqsoft::SplitUri("https://user:secret@example.com/");
// uri.authority.userInfo == "user"
// uri.authority.password == "secret"
// uri.authority.host == "example.com"

Utility Functions

// Check if a scheme is special per WHATWG
bool special = siddiqsoft::isSpecialScheme(siddiqsoft::UriScheme::WebHttps); // true

// Get default port for a scheme
uint16_t port = siddiqsoft::defaultPortForScheme(siddiqsoft::UriScheme::WebHttps); // 443

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