Create circle.py

circle.py

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+"""
+Circle Properties Calculation
+
+Description:
+This algorithm calculates the area and circumference of a circle given its radius.
+It uses the formulas:
+    Area = π * r^2
+    Circumference = 2 * π * r
+
+Approach:
+- Take the radius as input
+- Compute area and circumference
+- Return both values
+
+Use Cases:
+- Geometry calculations
+- Basic math learning
+- DSA practice examples
+
+Time Complexity: O(1)
+- All calculations are done in constant time, independent of input size.
+
+Space Complexity: O(1)
+- Uses only a few variables, no extra data structures needed.
+"""
+
+import math  # Import math module to access pi
+
+def circle_properties(radius):
+    """
+    Calculates area and circumference of a circle given its radius
+    :param radius: Radius of the circle
+    :return: Tuple (area, circumference) or error message for negative radius
+    """
+    # Validate input
+    if radius < 0:
+        return "Error: Radius cannot be negative"
+
+    # Calculate area using formula π * r^2
+    area = math.pi * radius * radius
+
+    # Calculate circumference using formula 2 * π * r
+    circumference = 2 * math.pi * radius
+
+    # Return both results
+    return area, circumference
+
+# Example usage / Test cases
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    test_radii = [5, 0, -3]  # Different test cases including edge cases
+
+    for r in test_radii:
+        result = circle_properties(r)
+        print(f"Radius: {r}")
+        print(f"Result: {result}")
+        print("-" * 30)