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‎08_realization_of_morphological_image_processing_in_matlab.md‎

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- [Matlab实现形态学图像处理](#matlab实现形态学图像处理)
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- [目的](#目的)
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- [内容](#内容)
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- [膨胀的简单应用](#膨胀的简单应用)
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- [函数imopen 和imclose 的应用](#函数imopen-和imclose-的应用)
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- [灰度图像形态学开运算和闭运算](#灰度图像形态学开运算和闭运算)
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- [灰度图像形态学使用重构删除复杂图像的背景](#灰度图像形态学使用重构删除复杂图像的背景)
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# Matlab实现形态学图像处理
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## 目的
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1. 膨胀的简单应用、使用 strel 函数、腐蚀的说明
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2. 函数imopen 和imclose 的应用、使用IPT函数bwhitmiss
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3. 灰度图像形态学开运算和闭运算
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4. 灰度图像形态学使用重构删除复杂图像的背景
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## 内容
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### 膨胀的简单应用
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```matlab
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A=imread('D:\pic\DIP3E_CH04\Fig0419(a)(text_gaps_of_1_and_2_pixels).tif');
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figure, imshow(A)
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B=[0 1 0;1 1 1;0 1 0];
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A2=imdilate(A,B);
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figure,imshow(A2)
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```
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使用 strel 函数分解结构元素的说明
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```matlab
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se=strel('diamond',5)
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decomp=getsequence(se);
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whos
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decomp(1)
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decomp(2)
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decomp(3)
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decomp(4)
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```
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腐蚀的说明
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```matlab
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A=imread('D:\pic\DIP3E_CH09\Fig0905(a)(wirebond-mask).tif');
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figure, imshow(A)%原图像
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se=strel('disk',10)
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A2=imerode(A,se)
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figure, imshow(A2)%半径为10 的圆盘腐蚀后的图像
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se=strel('disk',5)
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A3=imerode(A,se)
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figure, imshow(A3)%半径为5 的圆盘腐蚀后的图像
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A4=imerode(A,strel('disk',20))
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figure, imshow(A4)%半径为20 的圆盘腐蚀后的图像
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```
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### 函数imopen 和imclose 的应用
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```matlab
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f=imread('D:\pic\DIP3E_CH09\Fig0905(a)(wirebond-mask).tif');
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figure, imshow(f)%原图像
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se=strel('square',20);
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fo=imopen(f,se);
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figure, imshow(fo)%开运算后的图像
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fc=imclose(f,se);
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figure, imshow(fc)%闭运算后的图像
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foc=imclose(fo,se);
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figure, imshow(foc)%图像A2 经闭运算后的图像
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```
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使用 IPT 函数bwhitmiss
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```matlab
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f=imread('D:\pic\DIP3E_CH09\FigP0918(left).tif')
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figure,imshow(f)
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B1=strel([0 0 0;0 1 1;0 1 0]);
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B2=strel([1 1 1;1 0 0;1 0 0]);
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g=bwhitmiss(f,B1,B2);
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figure,imshow(g)
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```
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### 灰度图像形态学开运算和闭运算
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```matlab
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%%%%%%%%%使用开运算和闭运算做形态学平滑%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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clear all
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clc
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f=imread('D:\pic\DIP3E_CH09\Fig0941(a)(wood_dowels).tif');
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figure, imshow(f)%原图像
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se=strel('disk',5);
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fo=imopen(f,se);
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figure, imshow(fo)%开运算后的图像
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foc=imclose(fo,se);
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figure, imshow(foc)%图像A2 经闭运算后的图像
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fasf=f;
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for k=2:5
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se=strel('disk',k);
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fasf=imclose(imopen(fasf,se),se);
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end
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figure,imshow(fasf) %%%%%% 交替顺序滤波后的图像
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%%%%%%%%%%使用顶帽变换%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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clear all
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clc
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f=imread('D:\pic\DIP3E_CH09\Fig0940(a)(rice_image_with_intensity_gradient).tif');
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figure, imshow(f)%原图像
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se=strel('disk',10);
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fo=imopen(f,se);
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figure, imshow(fo)%经开运算处理后的图像
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f2=imsubtract(f,fo);
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figure, imshow(f2)
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f2=imtophat(f,se);
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figure, imshow(f2)
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se=strel('disk',3);
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g=imsubtract(imadd(f,imtophat(f,se)),imbothat(f,se));%低帽、顶帽
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figure, imshow(g)
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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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%%%%%%%%%%%颗粒分析%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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clear all
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clc
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f=imread('D:\pic\DIP3E_CH09\Fig0940(a)(rice_image_with_intensity_gradient).tif');
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sumpixels=zeros(1,36);
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for k=0:35
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se=strel('disk',k);
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fo=imopen(f,se);
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sumpixels(k+1)=sum(fo(:));
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end
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figure,plot(0:35,sumpixels);
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xlabel('k');
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ylabel('surface area')
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figure, plot(-diff(sumpixels))
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xlabel('k');
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ylabel('surface area reduction')
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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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```
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### 灰度图像形态学使用重构删除复杂图像的背景
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```matlab
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%灰度图像形态学使用重构删除复杂图像的背景
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clear all
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clc
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f=imread('D:\pic\DIP3E_CH09\Fig0944(a)(calculator).tif');
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figure, imshow(f)%原图像
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f_obr=imreconstruct(imerode(f,ones(1,71)),f);
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figure, imshow(f_obr)
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f_o=imopen(f,ones(1,71));%for comparison
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figure, imshow(f_o)
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f_thr=imsubtract(f,f_obr);
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figure, imshow(f_thr)
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f_th=imsubtract(f,f_o);%or imtophat(f,ones(1,71))
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figure, imshow(f_th)
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g_obr=imreconstruct(imerode(f_thr,ones(1,11)),f_thr);
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figure, imshow(g_obr)
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g_obrd=imdilate(g_obr,ones(1,21));
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figure, imshow(g_obrd)
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f2=imreconstruct(min(g_obrd,f_thr),f_thr);
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figure, imshow(f2)
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```
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参考文献：
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[1] [Rafael C. Gonzalez, Richard E. Woods, and Steven L. Eddins. 2003. Digital Image Processing Using MATLAB. Prentice-Hall, Inc., USA.](https://github.com/timerring/digital-image-processing-matlab/blob/main/reference/Digital_Image_Processing_Using_Matlab.pdf)
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[2] [阮秋琦. 数字图像处理（MATLAB版）[M]. 北京：电子工业出版社, 2014.](https://github.com/timerring/digital-image-processing-matlab/blob/main/reference/Digital_Image_Processing_(MATLAB_version).pdf)
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[3] [冈萨雷斯. 数字图像处理（第三版）[M]. 北京：电子工业出版社, 2011.](https://github.com/timerring/digital-image-processing-matlab/blob/main/reference/Digital_Image_Processing_(Third_Edition).pdf)
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