diff --git a/packages/react-native-gesture-handler/src/handlers/gestures/GestureDetector/utils.ts b/packages/react-native-gesture-handler/src/handlers/gestures/GestureDetector/utils.ts
index 5b5f36c97f..5bf1ea6f44 100644
--- a/packages/react-native-gesture-handler/src/handlers/gestures/GestureDetector/utils.ts
+++ b/packages/react-native-gesture-handler/src/handlers/gestures/GestureDetector/utils.ts
@@ -65,20 +65,16 @@ function extractValidHandlerTags(interactionGroup: GestureRef[] | undefined) {
 }
 
 export function extractGestureRelations(gesture: GestureType) {
-  gesture.config.requireToFail = extractValidHandlerTags(
-    gesture.config.requireToFail
-  );
-  gesture.config.simultaneousWith = extractValidHandlerTags(
+  const requireToFail = extractValidHandlerTags(gesture.config.requireToFail);
+  const simultaneousWith = extractValidHandlerTags(
     gesture.config.simultaneousWith
   );
-  gesture.config.blocksHandlers = extractValidHandlerTags(
-    gesture.config.blocksHandlers
-  );
+  const blocksHandlers = extractValidHandlerTags(gesture.config.blocksHandlers);
 
   return {
-    waitFor: gesture.config.requireToFail,
-    simultaneousHandlers: gesture.config.simultaneousWith,
-    blocksHandlers: gesture.config.blocksHandlers,
+    waitFor: requireToFail,
+    simultaneousHandlers: simultaneousWith,
+    blocksHandlers: blocksHandlers,
   };
 }
 
diff --git a/packages/react-native-gesture-handler/src/handlers/gestures/gesture.ts b/packages/react-native-gesture-handler/src/handlers/gestures/gesture.ts
index c572b848f0..bd84d83b7b 100644
--- a/packages/react-native-gesture-handler/src/handlers/gestures/gesture.ts
+++ b/packages/react-native-gesture-handler/src/handlers/gestures/gesture.ts
@@ -137,6 +137,17 @@ export abstract class BaseGesture<
   public handlerTag = -1;
   public handlerName = '';
   public config: BaseGestureConfig = {};
+  // Snapshot of the relations defined directly on this gesture (e.g. via
+  // `simultaneousWithExternalGesture`), captured before any composition extends
+  // them. Composition rebuilds the relation config from this snapshot on every
+  // `prepare`, so repeated renders don't accumulate references to gestures from
+  // previous renders (memory leak, see #3763), while keeping the original
+  // references so relations stay re-resolvable after a remount, such as a
+  // `react-freeze` unfreeze (see #4238).
+  public relationsSnapshot?: {
+    simultaneousWith: GestureRef[] | undefined;
+    requireToFail: GestureRef[] | undefined;
+  };
   public handlers: HandlerCallbacks<EventPayloadT> = {
     gestureId: -1,
     handlerTag: -1,
diff --git a/packages/react-native-gesture-handler/src/handlers/gestures/gestureComposition.ts b/packages/react-native-gesture-handler/src/handlers/gestures/gestureComposition.ts
index 56f3dfd312..d4daf4d9fb 100644
--- a/packages/react-native-gesture-handler/src/handlers/gestures/gestureComposition.ts
+++ b/packages/react-native-gesture-handler/src/handlers/gestures/gestureComposition.ts
@@ -31,16 +31,29 @@ export class ComposedGesture extends Gesture {
     requireGesturesToFail: GestureType[]
   ) {
     if (gesture instanceof BaseGesture) {
+      // Capture the relations defined directly on the gesture before composition
+      // extends them, then always rebuild from that snapshot. Otherwise, when the
+      // gesture is stable (e.g. wrapped in `useMemo`) but the composition is
+      // recreated on every render, the relations would keep accumulating
+      // references to gestures from previous renders, leaking memory (see #3763).
+      // We keep the original references (instead of collapsing them to handler
+      // tags) so relations can still be re-resolved after a remount, such as a
+      // `react-freeze` unfreeze (see #4238).
+      gesture.relationsSnapshot ??= {
+        simultaneousWith: gesture.config.simultaneousWith,
+        requireToFail: gesture.config.requireToFail,
+      };
+
       const newConfig = { ...gesture.config };
 
       // No need to extend `blocksHandlers` here, because it's not changed in composition.
       // The same effect is achieved by reversing the order of 2 gestures in `Exclusive`
       newConfig.simultaneousWith = extendRelation(
-        newConfig.simultaneousWith,
+        gesture.relationsSnapshot.simultaneousWith,
         simultaneousGestures
       );
       newConfig.requireToFail = extendRelation(
-        newConfig.requireToFail,
+        gesture.relationsSnapshot.requireToFail,
         requireGesturesToFail
       );