diff --git a/rules-tests/CodeQuality/Rector/Class_/PreferPHPUnitSelfCallRector/Fixture/include_exceptions.php.inc b/rules-tests/CodeQuality/Rector/Class_/PreferPHPUnitSelfCallRector/Fixture/include_exceptions.php.inc
deleted file mode 100644
index eab2cb99..00000000
--- a/rules-tests/CodeQuality/Rector/Class_/PreferPHPUnitSelfCallRector/Fixture/include_exceptions.php.inc
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,35 +0,0 @@
-<?php
-
-namespace Rector\PHPUnit\Tests\CodeQuality\Rector\Class_\PreferPHPUnitSelfCallRector\Fixture;
-
-use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase;
-
-final class IncludeExceptions extends TestCase
-{
-    public function testMe()
-    {
-        $this->expectException(\RuntimeException::class);
-        $this->expectExceptionMessage('foo');
-        $this->expectExceptionCode(123);
-    }
-}
-
-?>
------
-<?php
-
-namespace Rector\PHPUnit\Tests\CodeQuality\Rector\Class_\PreferPHPUnitSelfCallRector\Fixture;
-
-use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase;
-
-final class IncludeExceptions extends TestCase
-{
-    public function testMe()
-    {
-        self::expectException(\RuntimeException::class);
-        self::expectExceptionMessage('foo');
-        self::expectExceptionCode(123);
-    }
-}
-
-?>
diff --git a/rules-tests/CodeQuality/Rector/Class_/PreferPHPUnitSelfCallRector/Fixture/skip_exceptions.php.inc b/rules-tests/CodeQuality/Rector/Class_/PreferPHPUnitSelfCallRector/Fixture/skip_exceptions.php.inc
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..f400697e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/rules-tests/CodeQuality/Rector/Class_/PreferPHPUnitSelfCallRector/Fixture/skip_exceptions.php.inc
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace Rector\PHPUnit\Tests\CodeQuality\Rector\Class_\PreferPHPUnitSelfCallRector\Fixture;
+
+use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase;
+
+final class SkipExceptions extends TestCase
+{
+    public function testMe()
+    {
+        // this calls should be preserved with $this, because methods are not static
+        $this->expectException(\RuntimeException::class);
+        $this->expectExceptionMessage('foo');
+        $this->expectExceptionCode(123);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/rules/CodeQuality/Enum/NonAssertStaticableMethods.php b/rules/CodeQuality/Enum/NonAssertNonStaticMethods.php
similarity index 90%
rename from rules/CodeQuality/Enum/NonAssertStaticableMethods.php
rename to rules/CodeQuality/Enum/NonAssertNonStaticMethods.php
index 608cf520..a8813de5 100644
--- a/rules/CodeQuality/Enum/NonAssertStaticableMethods.php
+++ b/rules/CodeQuality/Enum/NonAssertNonStaticMethods.php
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 
 namespace Rector\PHPUnit\CodeQuality\Enum;
 
-final class NonAssertStaticableMethods
+final class NonAssertNonStaticMethods
 {
     /**
      * @var string[]
diff --git a/rules/CodeQuality/NodeAnalyser/AssertMethodAnalyzer.php b/rules/CodeQuality/NodeAnalyser/AssertMethodAnalyzer.php
index 9d29a191..7c0ef823 100644
--- a/rules/CodeQuality/NodeAnalyser/AssertMethodAnalyzer.php
+++ b/rules/CodeQuality/NodeAnalyser/AssertMethodAnalyzer.php
@@ -7,10 +7,11 @@
 use PhpParser\Node\Expr\MethodCall;
 use PhpParser\Node\Expr\StaticCall;
 use PHPStan\Reflection\ClassReflection;
+use PHPStan\Reflection\ExtendedMethodReflection;
 use PHPStan\Type\ObjectType;
 use Rector\NodeNameResolver\NodeNameResolver;
 use Rector\NodeTypeResolver\NodeTypeResolver;
-use Rector\PHPUnit\CodeQuality\Enum\NonAssertStaticableMethods;
+use Rector\PHPUnit\CodeQuality\Enum\NonAssertNonStaticMethods;
 use Rector\PHPUnit\Enum\PHPUnitClassName;
 use Rector\Reflection\ReflectionResolver;
 
@@ -36,26 +37,48 @@ public function detectTestCaseCall(MethodCall|StaticCall $call): bool
         $methodName = $this->nodeNameResolver->getName($call->name);
         if (! str_starts_with((string) $methodName, 'assert') && ! in_array(
             $methodName,
-            NonAssertStaticableMethods::ALL
+            NonAssertNonStaticMethods::ALL,
+            true
         )) {
             return false;
         }
 
-        $classReflection = $this->reflectionResolver->resolveClassReflection($call);
-        if (! $classReflection instanceof ClassReflection) {
+        if ($call instanceof StaticCall && ! $this->nodeNameResolver->isNames($call->class, ['static', 'self'])) {
             return false;
         }
 
-        if ($call instanceof StaticCall && ! $this->nodeNameResolver->isNames($call->class, ['static', 'self'])) {
+        $extendedMethodReflection = $this->resolveMethodReflection($call);
+        if (! $extendedMethodReflection instanceof ExtendedMethodReflection) {
             return false;
         }
 
-        $extendedMethodReflection = $classReflection->getNativeMethod($methodName);
-
         // only handle methods in TestCase or Assert class classes
         $declaringClassName = $extendedMethodReflection->getDeclaringClass()
             ->getName();
 
         return in_array($declaringClassName, [PHPUnitClassName::TEST_CASE, PHPUnitClassName::ASSERT]);
     }
+
+    public function detectTestCaseCallForStatic(MethodCall $methodCall): bool
+    {
+        if (! $this->detectTestCaseCall($methodCall)) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        $extendedMethodReflection = $this->resolveMethodReflection($methodCall);
+
+        return $extendedMethodReflection instanceof ExtendedMethodReflection && $extendedMethodReflection->isStatic();
+    }
+
+    private function resolveMethodReflection(MethodCall|StaticCall $call): ?ExtendedMethodReflection
+    {
+        $methodName = $this->nodeNameResolver->getName($call->name);
+
+        $classReflection = $this->reflectionResolver->resolveClassReflection($call);
+        if (! $classReflection instanceof ClassReflection) {
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        return $classReflection->getNativeMethod($methodName);
+    }
 }
diff --git a/rules/CodeQuality/Rector/Class_/PreferPHPUnitSelfCallRector.php b/rules/CodeQuality/Rector/Class_/PreferPHPUnitSelfCallRector.php
index fe9e38ab..2f6b1a25 100644
--- a/rules/CodeQuality/Rector/Class_/PreferPHPUnitSelfCallRector.php
+++ b/rules/CodeQuality/Rector/Class_/PreferPHPUnitSelfCallRector.php
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ public function refactor(Node $node): ?Node
                 return null;
             }
 
-            if (! $this->assertMethodAnalyzer->detectTestCaseCall($node)) {
+            if (! $this->assertMethodAnalyzer->detectTestCaseCallForStatic($node)) {
                 return null;
             }