diff --git a/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Core_and_Builtins/2026-06-09-10-28-30.gh-issue-151126.DKa6Sl.rst b/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Core_and_Builtins/2026-06-09-10-28-30.gh-issue-151126.DKa6Sl.rst
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000000..3f699a50d7a42bb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Core_and_Builtins/2026-06-09-10-28-30.gh-issue-151126.DKa6Sl.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+Fix a crash, when there's no memory left on a device,
+which happened in code compilation.
+Now it raises a proper :exc:`MemoryError`.
diff --git a/Python/flowgraph.c b/Python/flowgraph.c
index eb0faf8cd183885..324a4fc1f10a68e 100644
--- a/Python/flowgraph.c
+++ b/Python/flowgraph.c
@@ -3279,6 +3279,7 @@ remove_unused_consts(basicblock *entryblock, PyObject *consts)
 
     index_map = PyMem_Malloc(nconsts * sizeof(Py_ssize_t));
     if (index_map == NULL) {
+        PyErr_NoMemory();
         goto end;
     }
     for (Py_ssize_t i = 1; i < nconsts; i++) {
@@ -3331,6 +3332,7 @@ remove_unused_consts(basicblock *entryblock, PyObject *consts)
     /* adjust const indices in the bytecode */
     reverse_index_map = PyMem_Malloc(nconsts * sizeof(Py_ssize_t));
     if (reverse_index_map == NULL) {
+        PyErr_NoMemory();
         goto end;
     }
     for (Py_ssize_t i = 0; i < nconsts; i++) {