From 31ad0d90125ad8422aaf8e346b4371437042c0bb Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Ken Jin <28750310+Fidget-Spinner@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Wed, 23 Jul 2025 00:17:26 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 1/5] Track executor before any possible deallocations

---
 Python/optimizer.c | 5 ++++-
 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/Python/optimizer.c b/Python/optimizer.c
index 8d01d605ef4a2a..84f29ac369aa12 100644
--- a/Python/optimizer.c
+++ b/Python/optimizer.c
@@ -1222,6 +1222,10 @@ make_executor_from_uops(_PyUOpInstruction *buffer, int length, const _PyBloomFil
     }
     sanity_check(executor);
 #endif
+    // Note: this MUST be here before any Py_DECREF(executor).
+    // Otherwise, the GC tries to untrack a still untracked object
+    // during dealloc.
+    _PyObject_GC_TRACK(executor);
 #ifdef _Py_JIT
     executor->jit_code = NULL;
     executor->jit_side_entry = NULL;
@@ -1234,7 +1238,6 @@ make_executor_from_uops(_PyUOpInstruction *buffer, int length, const _PyBloomFil
         return NULL;
     }
 #endif
-    _PyObject_GC_TRACK(executor);
     return executor;
 }
 

From c16da4ff010186ddced1c7acf7fc3b529e3e179b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: "blurb-it[bot]" <43283697+blurb-it[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Tue, 22 Jul 2025 16:20:11 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 2/5] =?UTF-8?q?=F0=9F=93=9C=F0=9F=A4=96=20Added=20by=20blu?=
 =?UTF-8?q?rb=5Fit.?=
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

---
 .../2025-07-22-16-20-06.gh-issue-137007.1oPvvK.rst               | 1 +
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)
 create mode 100644 Misc/NEWS.d/next/Core_and_Builtins/2025-07-22-16-20-06.gh-issue-137007.1oPvvK.rst

diff --git a/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Core_and_Builtins/2025-07-22-16-20-06.gh-issue-137007.1oPvvK.rst b/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Core_and_Builtins/2025-07-22-16-20-06.gh-issue-137007.1oPvvK.rst
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000000..cb25fd10c0bd2c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Misc/NEWS.d/next/Core_and_Builtins/2025-07-22-16-20-06.gh-issue-137007.1oPvvK.rst
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Fix a bug during JIT compilation failure which caused garbage collection debug assertions to fail.

From 4f9f6ded0f65fa53ee03ab1ba2cef2537923bbe4 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Ken Jin <28750310+Fidget-Spinner@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Wed, 23 Jul 2025 00:55:18 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 3/5] move further up

---
 Python/optimizer.c | 8 ++++----
 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/Python/optimizer.c b/Python/optimizer.c
index 84f29ac369aa12..2e8a17757df76f 100644
--- a/Python/optimizer.c
+++ b/Python/optimizer.c
@@ -1205,6 +1205,10 @@ make_executor_from_uops(_PyUOpInstruction *buffer, int length, const _PyBloomFil
     assert(next_exit == -1);
     assert(dest == executor->trace);
     assert(dest->opcode == _START_EXECUTOR);
+    // Note: we MUST track it here before any Py_DECREF(executor) or
+    // linking of executor. Otherwise, the GC tries to untrack a
+    // still untracked object during dealloc.
+    _PyObject_GC_TRACK(executor);
     _Py_ExecutorInit(executor, dependencies);
 #ifdef Py_DEBUG
     char *python_lltrace = Py_GETENV("PYTHON_LLTRACE");
@@ -1222,10 +1226,6 @@ make_executor_from_uops(_PyUOpInstruction *buffer, int length, const _PyBloomFil
     }
     sanity_check(executor);
 #endif
-    // Note: this MUST be here before any Py_DECREF(executor).
-    // Otherwise, the GC tries to untrack a still untracked object
-    // during dealloc.
-    _PyObject_GC_TRACK(executor);
 #ifdef _Py_JIT
     executor->jit_code = NULL;
     executor->jit_side_entry = NULL;

From 4ae3405d12503cccdf92c7dd6e021cba44d80086 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Ken Jin <28750310+Fidget-Spinner@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Fri, 7 Nov 2025 23:40:10 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 4/5] track before immortalizing

---
 Python/optimizer.c | 1 +
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)

diff --git a/Python/optimizer.c b/Python/optimizer.c
index 6e98bda0624d73..b97dbd5ec266ed 100644
--- a/Python/optimizer.c
+++ b/Python/optimizer.c
@@ -1520,6 +1520,7 @@ _PyExecutor_GetColdExecutor(void)
         Py_FatalError("Cannot allocate core JIT code");
     }
     ((_PyUOpInstruction *)cold->trace)->opcode = _COLD_EXIT;
+    _PyObject_GC_TRACK(cold);
 #ifdef _Py_JIT
     cold->jit_code = NULL;
     cold->jit_size = 0;

From bc2da123aa7ab583c610c2875f06862fd1cddf50 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Ken Jin <kenjin4096@gmail.com>
Date: Tue, 9 Dec 2025 23:58:58 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 5/5] remove useless track

---
 Python/optimizer.c | 1 -
 1 file changed, 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/Python/optimizer.c b/Python/optimizer.c
index b97dbd5ec266ed..6e98bda0624d73 100644
--- a/Python/optimizer.c
+++ b/Python/optimizer.c
@@ -1520,7 +1520,6 @@ _PyExecutor_GetColdExecutor(void)
         Py_FatalError("Cannot allocate core JIT code");
     }
     ((_PyUOpInstruction *)cold->trace)->opcode = _COLD_EXIT;
-    _PyObject_GC_TRACK(cold);
 #ifdef _Py_JIT
     cold->jit_code = NULL;
     cold->jit_size = 0;