From c428e8eba3f4d6ac7483354c0dcb01af812195ff Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Viicos <65306057+Viicos@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Thu, 29 Jan 2026 21:26:45 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 1/4] Update Ruff

---
 pyproject.toml           | 1 +
 requirements/linting.txt | 2 +-
 2 files changed, 2 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/pyproject.toml b/pyproject.toml
index 188d3fff..5e3f3ffe 100644
--- a/pyproject.toml
+++ b/pyproject.toml
@@ -76,6 +76,7 @@ exclude_lines = [
 ]
 
 [tool.ruff]
+target-version = "py39"
 line-length = 120
 
 [tool.ruff.lint]
diff --git a/requirements/linting.txt b/requirements/linting.txt
index 853bbc79..794b2c06 100644
--- a/requirements/linting.txt
+++ b/requirements/linting.txt
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ mypy-extensions==1.0.0
     # via mypy
 pycparser==2.22
     # via cffi
-ruff==0.3.4
+ruff==0.14.14
     # via -r requirements/linting.in
 tomli==2.4.0
     # via mypy

From 2d15e68c61998dc4a8eff5d580439488b91de7d4 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Viicos <65306057+Viicos@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Thu, 29 Jan 2026 21:26:51 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 2/4] Apply lint rules

---
 arq/connections.py | 10 +++++-----
 arq/jobs.py        | 20 ++++++++++----------
 arq/logs.py        |  4 ++--
 arq/typing.py      | 11 ++++++-----
 arq/utils.py       | 17 ++++++++++-------
 arq/worker.py      | 29 +++++++++++++++--------------
 6 files changed, 48 insertions(+), 43 deletions(-)

diff --git a/arq/connections.py b/arq/connections.py
index c1058890..a3a3026b 100644
--- a/arq/connections.py
+++ b/arq/connections.py
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 from dataclasses import dataclass
 from datetime import datetime, timedelta
 from operator import attrgetter
-from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, Callable, List, Optional, Tuple, Union, cast
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, Callable, Optional, Union, cast
 from urllib.parse import parse_qs, urlparse
 from uuid import uuid4
 
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ class RedisSettings:
     Used by :func:`arq.connections.create_pool` and :class:`arq.worker.Worker`.
     """
 
-    host: Union[str, List[Tuple[str, int]]] = 'localhost'
+    host: Union[str, list[tuple[str, int]]] = 'localhost'
     port: int = 6379
     unix_socket_path: Optional[str] = None
     database: int = 0
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ class RedisSettings:
     sentinel_master: str = 'mymaster'
 
     retry_on_timeout: bool = False
-    retry_on_error: Optional[List[Exception]] = None
+    retry_on_error: Optional[list[Exception]] = None
     retry: Optional[Retry] = None
 
     @classmethod
@@ -189,7 +189,7 @@ async def _get_job_result(self, key: bytes) -> JobResult:
         r.job_id = job_id
         return r
 
-    async def all_job_results(self) -> List[JobResult]:
+    async def all_job_results(self) -> list[JobResult]:
         """
         Get results for all jobs in redis.
         """
@@ -207,7 +207,7 @@ async def _get_job_def(self, job_id: bytes, score: int) -> JobDef:
         jd.job_id = job_id.decode()
         return jd
 
-    async def queued_jobs(self, *, queue_name: Optional[str] = None) -> List[JobDef]:
+    async def queued_jobs(self, *, queue_name: Optional[str] = None) -> list[JobDef]:
         """
         Get information about queued, mostly useful when testing.
         """
diff --git a/arq/jobs.py b/arq/jobs.py
index 15b7231e..3d3c639e 100644
--- a/arq/jobs.py
+++ b/arq/jobs.py
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 from dataclasses import dataclass
 from datetime import datetime
 from enum import Enum
-from typing import Any, Callable, Dict, Optional, Tuple
+from typing import Any, Callable, Optional
 
 from redis.asyncio import Redis
 
@@ -14,8 +14,8 @@
 
 logger = logging.getLogger('arq.jobs')
 
-Serializer = Callable[[Dict[str, Any]], bytes]
-Deserializer = Callable[[bytes], Dict[str, Any]]
+Serializer = Callable[[dict[str, Any]], bytes]
+Deserializer = Callable[[bytes], dict[str, Any]]
 
 
 class ResultNotFound(RuntimeError):
@@ -42,8 +42,8 @@ class JobStatus(str, Enum):
 @dataclass
 class JobDef:
     function: str
-    args: Tuple[Any, ...]
-    kwargs: Dict[str, Any]
+    args: tuple[Any, ...]
+    kwargs: dict[str, Any]
     job_try: int
     enqueue_time: datetime
     score: Optional[int]
@@ -210,8 +210,8 @@ class DeserializationError(SerializationError):
 
 def serialize_job(
     function_name: str,
-    args: Tuple[Any, ...],
-    kwargs: Dict[str, Any],
+    args: tuple[Any, ...],
+    kwargs: dict[str, Any],
     job_try: Optional[int],
     enqueue_time_ms: int,
     *,
@@ -228,8 +228,8 @@ def serialize_job(
 
 def serialize_result(
     function: str,
-    args: Tuple[Any, ...],
-    kwargs: Dict[str, Any],
+    args: tuple[Any, ...],
+    kwargs: dict[str, Any],
     job_try: int,
     enqueue_time_ms: int,
     success: bool,
@@ -291,7 +291,7 @@ def deserialize_job(r: bytes, *, deserializer: Optional[Deserializer] = None) ->
 
 def deserialize_job_raw(
     r: bytes, *, deserializer: Optional[Deserializer] = None
-) -> Tuple[str, Tuple[Any, ...], Dict[str, Any], int, int]:
+) -> tuple[str, tuple[Any, ...], dict[str, Any], int, int]:
     if deserializer is None:
         deserializer = pickle.loads
     try:
diff --git a/arq/logs.py b/arq/logs.py
index 2231cbed..c57f627e 100644
--- a/arq/logs.py
+++ b/arq/logs.py
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
-from typing import Any, Dict
+from typing import Any
 
 
-def default_log_config(verbose: bool) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+def default_log_config(verbose: bool) -> dict[str, Any]:
     """
     Setup default config. for dictConfig.
 
diff --git a/arq/typing.py b/arq/typing.py
index 454cc5b6..e6ca76e4 100644
--- a/arq/typing.py
+++ b/arq/typing.py
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
+from collections.abc import Sequence
 from datetime import timedelta
-from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, Dict, Literal, Optional, Protocol, Sequence, Set, Type, Union
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, Literal, Optional, Protocol, Union
 
 __all__ = (
     'OptionType',
@@ -16,7 +17,7 @@
     from .cron import CronJob
     from .worker import Function
 
-OptionType = Union[None, Set[int], int]
+OptionType = Union[None, set[int], int]
 WEEKDAYS = 'mon', 'tues', 'wed', 'thurs', 'fri', 'sat', 'sun'
 WeekdayOptionType = Union[OptionType, Literal['mon', 'tues', 'wed', 'thurs', 'fri', 'sat', 'sun']]
 SecondsTimedelta = Union[int, float, timedelta]
@@ -25,14 +26,14 @@
 class WorkerCoroutine(Protocol):
     __qualname__: str
 
-    async def __call__(self, ctx: Dict[Any, Any], *args: Any, **kwargs: Any) -> Any:  # pragma: no cover
+    async def __call__(self, ctx: dict[Any, Any], *args: Any, **kwargs: Any) -> Any:  # pragma: no cover
         pass
 
 
 class StartupShutdown(Protocol):
     __qualname__: str
 
-    async def __call__(self, ctx: Dict[Any, Any]) -> Any:  # pragma: no cover
+    async def __call__(self, ctx: dict[Any, Any]) -> Any:  # pragma: no cover
         pass
 
 
@@ -44,4 +45,4 @@ class WorkerSettingsBase(Protocol):
     # and many more...
 
 
-WorkerSettingsType = Union[Dict[str, Any], Type[WorkerSettingsBase]]
+WorkerSettingsType = Union[dict[str, Any], type[WorkerSettingsBase]]
diff --git a/arq/utils.py b/arq/utils.py
index 2cbde056..e4305e21 100644
--- a/arq/utils.py
+++ b/arq/utils.py
@@ -1,22 +1,25 @@
 import asyncio
 import logging
 import os
+from collections.abc import AsyncGenerator, Sequence
 from datetime import datetime, timedelta, timezone
 from functools import lru_cache
 from time import time
-from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, AsyncGenerator, Dict, Optional, Sequence, overload
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, Optional, overload
 
 from .constants import timezone_env_vars
 
-try:
-    import pytz
-except ImportError:  # pragma: no cover
-    pytz = None  # type: ignore
-
 logger = logging.getLogger('arq.utils')
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    import pytz
+
     from .typing import SecondsTimedelta
+else:
+    try:
+        import pytz
+    except ImportError:  # pragma: no cover
+        pytz = None  # type: ignore
 
 
 def as_int(f: float) -> int:
@@ -121,7 +124,7 @@ def truncate(s: str, length: int = DEFAULT_CURTAIL) -> str:
     return s
 
 
-def args_to_string(args: Sequence[Any], kwargs: Dict[str, Any]) -> str:
+def args_to_string(args: Sequence[Any], kwargs: dict[str, Any]) -> str:
     arguments = ''
     if args:
         arguments = ', '.join(map(repr, args))
diff --git a/arq/worker.py b/arq/worker.py
index f1e613c9..2550369a 100644
--- a/arq/worker.py
+++ b/arq/worker.py
@@ -3,12 +3,13 @@
 import inspect
 import logging
 import signal
+from collections.abc import Sequence
 from dataclasses import dataclass
 from datetime import datetime, timedelta, timezone
 from functools import partial
 from signal import Signals
 from time import time
-from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, Callable, Dict, List, Optional, Sequence, Set, Tuple, Union, cast
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, Callable, Optional, Union, cast
 
 from redis.exceptions import ResponseError, WatchError
 
@@ -81,7 +82,7 @@ def func(
 
     if isinstance(coroutine, str):
         name = name or coroutine
-        coroutine_: 'WorkerCoroutine' = import_string(coroutine)
+        coroutine_: WorkerCoroutine = import_string(coroutine)
     else:
         coroutine_ = coroutine
 
@@ -118,7 +119,7 @@ def __eq__(self, other: Any) -> bool:
 
 
 class FailedJobs(RuntimeError):
-    def __init__(self, count: int, job_results: List[JobResult]):
+    def __init__(self, count: int, job_results: list[JobResult]):
         self.count = count
         self.job_results = job_results
 
@@ -208,7 +209,7 @@ def __init__(
         max_tries: int = 5,
         health_check_interval: 'SecondsTimedelta' = 3600,
         health_check_key: Optional[str] = None,
-        ctx: Optional[Dict[Any, Any]] = None,
+        ctx: Optional[dict[Any, Any]] = None,
         retry_jobs: bool = True,
         allow_abort_jobs: bool = False,
         max_burst_jobs: int = -1,
@@ -218,14 +219,14 @@ def __init__(
         timezone: Optional[timezone] = None,
         log_results: bool = True,
     ):
-        self.functions: Dict[str, Union[Function, CronJob]] = {f.name: f for f in map(func, functions)}
+        self.functions: dict[str, Union[Function, CronJob]] = {f.name: f for f in map(func, functions)}
         if queue_name is None:
             if redis_pool is not None:
                 queue_name = redis_pool.default_queue_name
             else:
                 raise ValueError('If queue_name is absent, redis_pool must be present.')
         self.queue_name = queue_name
-        self.cron_jobs: List[CronJob] = []
+        self.cron_jobs: list[CronJob] = []
         if cron_jobs is not None:
             if not all(isinstance(cj, CronJob) for cj in cron_jobs):
                 raise RuntimeError('cron_jobs, must be instances of CronJob')
@@ -262,9 +263,9 @@ def __init__(
         else:
             self.redis_settings = None
         # self.tasks holds references to run_job coroutines currently running
-        self.tasks: Dict[str, asyncio.Task[Any]] = {}
+        self.tasks: dict[str, asyncio.Task[Any]] = {}
         # self.job_tasks holds references the actual jobs running
-        self.job_tasks: Dict[str, asyncio.Task[Any]] = {}
+        self.job_tasks: dict[str, asyncio.Task[Any]] = {}
         self.main_task: Optional[asyncio.Task[None]] = None
         self.loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()
         self.ctx = ctx or {}
@@ -289,7 +290,7 @@ def __init__(
         self.retry_jobs = retry_jobs
         self.allow_abort_jobs = allow_abort_jobs
         self.allow_pick_jobs: bool = True
-        self.aborting_tasks: Set[str] = set()
+        self.aborting_tasks: set[str] = set()
         self.max_burst_jobs = max_burst_jobs
         self.job_serializer = job_serializer
         self.job_deserializer = job_deserializer
@@ -409,7 +410,7 @@ async def _cancel_aborted_jobs(self) -> None:
             pipe.zremrangebyscore(abort_jobs_ss, min=timestamp_ms() + abort_job_max_age, max=float('inf'))
             abort_job_ids, _ = await pipe.execute()
 
-        aborted: Set[str] = set()
+        aborted: set[str] = set()
         for job_id_bytes in abort_job_ids:
             job_id = job_id_bytes.decode()
             try:
@@ -428,7 +429,7 @@ def _release_sem_dec_counter_on_complete(self) -> None:
         self.job_counter = self.job_counter - 1
         self.sem.release()
 
-    async def start_jobs(self, job_ids: List[bytes]) -> None:
+    async def start_jobs(self, job_ids: list[bytes]) -> None:
         """
         For each job id, get the job definition, check it's not running and start it in a task
         """
@@ -484,8 +485,8 @@ async def run_job(self, job_id: str, score: int) -> None:  # noqa: C901
                 abort_job = False
 
         function_name, enqueue_time_ms = '<unknown>', 0
-        args: Tuple[Any, ...] = ()
-        kwargs: Dict[Any, Any] = {}
+        args: tuple[Any, ...] = ()
+        kwargs: dict[Any, Any] = {}
 
         async def job_failed(exc: BaseException) -> None:
             self.jobs_failed += 1
@@ -879,7 +880,7 @@ def __repr__(self) -> str:
         )
 
 
-def get_kwargs(settings_cls: 'WorkerSettingsType') -> Dict[str, NameError]:
+def get_kwargs(settings_cls: 'WorkerSettingsType') -> dict[str, NameError]:
     worker_args = set(inspect.signature(Worker).parameters.keys())
     d = settings_cls if isinstance(settings_cls, dict) else settings_cls.__dict__
     return {k: v for k, v in d.items() if k in worker_args}

From 6f7b36db824a86e503a9a85c1732d1dbc9b34276 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Viicos <65306057+Viicos@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Thu, 29 Jan 2026 21:27:25 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 3/4] Format

---
 arq/connections.py   | 5 +----
 tests/test_worker.py | 2 +-
 2 files changed, 2 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)

diff --git a/arq/connections.py b/arq/connections.py
index a3a3026b..96e55bd8 100644
--- a/arq/connections.py
+++ b/arq/connections.py
@@ -312,8 +312,5 @@ async def log_redis_info(redis: 'Redis[bytes]', log_func: Callable[[str], Any])
     clients_connected = info_clients.get('connected_clients', '?')
 
     log_func(
-        f'redis_version={redis_version} '
-        f'mem_usage={mem_usage} '
-        f'clients_connected={clients_connected} '
-        f'db_keys={key_count}'
+        f'redis_version={redis_version} mem_usage={mem_usage} clients_connected={clients_connected} db_keys={key_count}'
     )
diff --git a/tests/test_worker.py b/tests/test_worker.py
index 93fbc7f0..98b00ac7 100644
--- a/tests/test_worker.py
+++ b/tests/test_worker.py
@@ -421,7 +421,7 @@ async def test_job_old(arq_redis: ArqRedis, worker, caplog):
     assert worker.jobs_retried == 0
 
     log = re.sub(r'(\d+).\d\ds', r'\1.XXs', '\n'.join(r.message for r in caplog.records))
-    assert log.endswith('  0.XXs → testing:foobar() delayed=2.XXs\n' '  0.XXs ← testing:foobar ● 42')
+    assert log.endswith('  0.XXs → testing:foobar() delayed=2.XXs\n  0.XXs ← testing:foobar ● 42')
 
 
 async def test_retry_repr():

From 71628170c8c14825f04eb9c5be49b910875ceb01 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Viicos <65306057+Viicos@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Thu, 29 Jan 2026 21:29:49 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 4/4] Missing lint

---
 tests/conftest.py | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/tests/conftest.py b/tests/conftest.py
index 9b6b7f5b..da8bbe3a 100644
--- a/tests/conftest.py
+++ b/tests/conftest.py
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 import functools
 import os
 import sys
-from typing import Generator
+from collections.abc import Generator
 
 import msgpack
 import pytest