stash: avoid recomputing tree when committing worktree

When creating a new stash, we need to create there separate
commits storing differences stored in the index, untracked
changes as well as differences in the working directory. The
first two will only be done conditionally if the equivalent
options "git stash --keep-index --include-untracked" are being
passed to `git_stash_save`, but even when only creating a stash
of worktree changes we're much slower than git.git. Using our new
stash example:

	$ time git stash
	Saved working directory and index state WIP on (no branch): 2f7d9d47575e Linux 5.1.7

	real    0m0.528s
	user    0m0.309s
	sys     0m0.381s

	$ time lg2 stash

	real    0m27.165s
	user    0m13.645s
	sys     0m6.403s

As can be seen, libgit2 is more than 50x slower than git.git!

When creating the stash commit that includes all worktree
changes, we create a completely new index to prepare for the new
commit and populate it with the entries contained in the index'
tree. Here comes the catch: by populating the index with a tree's
contents, we do not have any stat caches in the index. This means
that we have to re-validate every single file from the worktree
and see whether it has changed.

The issue can be fixed by populating the new index with the
repo's existing index instead of with the tree. This retains all
stat cache information, and thus we really only need to check
files that have changed stat information. This is semantically
equivalent to what we previously did: previously, we used the
tree of the commit computed from the index. Now we're just using
the index directly.

And, in fact, the cache is doing wonders:

	time lg2 stash

	real    0m1.836s
	user    0m1.166s
	sys     0m0.663s

We're now performing 15x faster than before and are only 3x
slower than git.git now.

Author: pks-t

src/stash.c

@@ -398,28 +398,23 @@ static int commit_worktree(
 	git_commit *b_commit,
 	git_commit *u_commit)
 {
-	int error = 0;
-	git_tree *w_tree = NULL, *i_tree = NULL;
-	git_index *i_index = NULL;
-	const git_commit *parents[] = {	NULL, NULL,	NULL };
-	int ignorecase;
+	const git_commit *parents[] = {	NULL, NULL, NULL };
+	git_index *i_index = NULL, *r_index = NULL;
+	git_tree *w_tree = NULL;
+	int error = 0, ignorecase;
 
 	parents[0] = b_commit;
 	parents[1] = i_commit;
 	parents[2] = u_commit;
 
-	if ((error = git_commit_tree(&i_tree, i_commit)) < 0)
-		goto cleanup;
-
-	if ((error = git_index_new(&i_index)) < 0 ||
-		(error = git_repository__configmap_lookup(&ignorecase, repo, GIT_CONFIGMAP_IGNORECASE)) < 0)
+	if ((error = git_repository_index(&r_index, repo) < 0) ||
+	    (error = git_index_new(&i_index)) < 0 ||
+	    (error = git_index__fill(i_index, &r_index->entries) < 0) ||
+	    (error = git_repository__configmap_lookup(&ignorecase, repo, GIT_CONFIGMAP_IGNORECASE)) < 0)
 		goto cleanup;
 
 	git_index__set_ignore_case(i_index, ignorecase);
 
-	if ((error = git_index_read_tree(i_index, i_tree)) < 0)
-		goto cleanup;
-
 	if ((error = build_workdir_tree(&w_tree, repo, i_index, b_commit)) < 0)
 		goto cleanup;
 
@@ -436,9 +431,9 @@ static int commit_worktree(
 		parents);
 
 cleanup:
-	git_tree_free(i_tree);
 	git_tree_free(w_tree);
 	git_index_free(i_index);
+	git_index_free(r_index);
 	return error;
 }