diff --git a/.evergreen/config.yml b/.evergreen/config.yml
index 0357b30637..903569080d 100644
--- a/.evergreen/config.yml
+++ b/.evergreen/config.yml
@@ -93,7 +93,6 @@ functions:
             export AUTH=${AUTH}
             export SSL=${SSL}
             export TOPOLOGY=${TOPOLOGY}
-            export MLAUNCH_TOPOLOGY=${MLAUNCH_TOPOLOGY}
             export COMPRESSOR=${COMPRESSOR}
             export RVM_RUBY="${RVM_RUBY}"
             export MONGODB_VERSION=${MONGODB_VERSION}
@@ -169,8 +168,6 @@ functions:
         script: |
           ${PREPARE_SHELL}
           export CSOT_SPEC_TESTS=1
-          unset TOPOLOGY
-          export TOPOLOGY=${MLAUNCH_TOPOLOGY}
           TEST_CMD="bundle exec rspec spec/spec_tests/client_side_operations_timeout_spec.rb --format Rfc::Riff --format RspecJunitFormatter --out tmp/rspec.xml" \
             .evergreen/run-tests.sh
 
@@ -183,8 +180,6 @@ functions:
         script: |
           ${PREPARE_SHELL}
           export OTEL_SPEC_TESTS=1
-          unset TOPOLOGY
-          export TOPOLOGY=${MLAUNCH_TOPOLOGY}
           TEST_CMD="bundle exec rspec spec/spec_tests/open_telemetry_spec.rb --format Rfc::Riff --format RspecJunitFormatter --out tmp/rspec.xml" \
             .evergreen/run-tests.sh
 
@@ -313,8 +308,6 @@ functions:
         working_dir: "src"
         script: |
           ${PREPARE_SHELL}
-          unset TOPOLOGY
-          export TOPOLOGY=${MLAUNCH_TOPOLOGY}
           TEST_CMD="bundle exec rake driver_bench" PERFORMANCE_RESULTS_FILE="$PROJECT_DIRECTORY/perf.json" .evergreen/run-tests.sh
     - command: perf.send
       params:
@@ -349,8 +342,6 @@ functions:
             export MONGO_RUBY_DRIVER_GCP_KEY_NAME="${fle_gcp_key_name}"
             export MONGO_RUBY_DRIVER_MONGOCRYPTD_PORT="${fle_mongocryptd_port}"
           fi
-          unset TOPOLOGY
-          export TOPOLOGY=${MLAUNCH_TOPOLOGY}
           .evergreen/run-tests.sh
 
   "run AWS auth tests":
@@ -361,8 +352,6 @@ functions:
         working_dir: "src"
         script: |
           ${PREPARE_SHELL}
-          unset TOPOLOGY
-          export TOPOLOGY=${MLAUNCH_TOPOLOGY}
           .evergreen/run-tests-aws-auth.sh
 
   "run Kerberos unit tests":
@@ -599,7 +588,7 @@ tasks:
     commands:
       - func: "export Atlas credentials"
       - func: "run Atlas tests"
-  - name: "test-mlaunch"
+  - name: "test"
     commands:
       - func: "run tests"
   - name: "driver-bench"
@@ -776,27 +765,23 @@ axes:
         display_name: Standalone
         variables:
           TOPOLOGY: server
-          MLAUNCH_TOPOLOGY: standalone
       - id: "replica-set"
         display_name: Replica Set
         variables:
           TOPOLOGY: replica_set
-          MLAUNCH_TOPOLOGY: replica-set
       - id: "replica-set-single-node"
         display_name: Replica Set (Single Node)
         variables:
-          TOPOLOGY: replica-set-single-node
-          MLAUNCH_TOPOLOGY: replica-set-single-node
+          TOPOLOGY: replica_set
+          ORCHESTRATION_FILE: single-node.json
       - id: "sharded-cluster"
         display_name: Sharded
         variables:
           TOPOLOGY: sharded_cluster
-          MLAUNCH_TOPOLOGY: sharded-cluster
       - id: "load-balanced"
         display_name: Load Balanced
         variables:
           TOPOLOGY: sharded_cluster
-          MLAUNCH_TOPOLOGY: sharded-cluster
           LOAD_BALANCED: 'true'
 
   - id: "single-mongos"
@@ -1205,7 +1190,7 @@ buildvariants:
     display_name: "${mongodb-version} ${topology} single-lb ${auth-and-ssl} ${ruby}"
     tags: ["pr"]
     tasks:
-      - name: "test-mlaunch"
+      - name: "test"
 
   - matrix_name: "mongo-api-version"
     matrix_spec:
@@ -1217,7 +1202,7 @@ buildvariants:
     display_name: "${mongodb-version} api-version-required ${topology} ${auth-and-ssl} ${ruby}"
     tags: ["pr"]
     tasks:
-      - name: "test-mlaunch"
+      - name: "test"
 
   - matrix_name: "single-mongos"
     matrix_spec:
@@ -1229,7 +1214,7 @@ buildvariants:
     display_name: "${mongodb-version} ${topology} single-mongos ${auth-and-ssl} ${ruby}"
     tags: ["pr"]
     tasks:
-      - name: "test-mlaunch"
+      - name: "test"
 
   - matrix_name: CSOT
     matrix_spec:
@@ -1263,7 +1248,7 @@ buildvariants:
     display_name: "${mongodb-version} ${topology} ${retry-reads} ${ruby}"
     tags: ["pr"]
     tasks:
-      - name: "test-mlaunch"
+      - name: "test"
 
   - matrix_name: "no-retry-writes"
     matrix_spec:
@@ -1275,7 +1260,7 @@ buildvariants:
     display_name: "${mongodb-version} ${topology} ${retry-writes} ${ruby}"
     tags: ["pr"]
     tasks:
-      - name: "test-mlaunch"
+      - name: "test"
 
   - matrix_name: "lint"
     matrix_spec:
@@ -1286,7 +1271,7 @@ buildvariants:
       os: ubuntu2204
     display_name: "${mongodb-version} ${topology} ${lint} ${ruby}"
     tasks:
-      - name: "test-mlaunch"
+      - name: "test"
 
   - matrix_name: "fork"
     matrix_spec:
@@ -1297,7 +1282,7 @@ buildvariants:
       os: ubuntu2204
     display_name: "${mongodb-version} ${topology} fork ${ruby}"
     tasks:
-      - name: "test-mlaunch"
+      - name: "test"
 
   - matrix_name: "solo"
     matrix_spec:
@@ -1308,7 +1293,7 @@ buildvariants:
       os: ubuntu2204
     display_name: "${mongodb-version} ${topology} solo ${ruby}"
     tasks:
-      - name: "test-mlaunch"
+      - name: "test"
 
   - matrix_name: "stress older"
     matrix_spec:
@@ -1319,7 +1304,7 @@ buildvariants:
       os: ubuntu1804
     display_name: "${mongodb-version} ${topology} stress ${ruby}"
     tasks:
-      - name: "test-mlaunch"
+      - name: "test"
 
   - matrix_name: "stress"
     matrix_spec:
@@ -1330,7 +1315,7 @@ buildvariants:
       os: ubuntu2204
     display_name: "${mongodb-version} ${topology} stress ${ruby}"
     tasks:
-      - name: "test-mlaunch"
+      - name: "test"
 
 #  - matrix_name: "x509-tests"
 #    matrix_spec:
@@ -1341,7 +1326,7 @@ buildvariants:
 #      os: ubuntu2204
 #    display_name: "${mongodb-version} ${topology} ${auth-and-ssl} ${ruby}"
 #    tasks:
-#      - name: "test-mlaunch"
+#      - name: "test"
 
   - matrix_name: zlib-"ruby-4.0"
     matrix_spec:
@@ -1396,7 +1381,7 @@ buildvariants:
     display_name: "AS ${mongodb-version} ${topology} ${ruby}"
     tags: ["pr"]
     tasks:
-      - name: "test-mlaunch"
+      - name: "test"
 
   - matrix_name: bson-"ruby-4.0"
     matrix_spec:
@@ -1408,7 +1393,7 @@ buildvariants:
     display_name: "bson-${bson} ${mongodb-version} ${topology} ${ruby}"
     tags: ["pr"]
     tasks:
-      - name: "test-mlaunch"
+      - name: "test"
   - matrix_name: zlib-"ruby-2.7"
     matrix_spec:
       auth-and-ssl: [ "auth-and-ssl", "noauth-and-nossl" ]
@@ -1462,7 +1447,7 @@ buildvariants:
     display_name: "AS ${mongodb-version} ${topology} ${ruby}"
     tags: ["pr"]
     tasks:
-      - name: "test-mlaunch"
+      - name: "test"
 
   - matrix_name: bson-"ruby-2.7"
     matrix_spec:
@@ -1474,7 +1459,7 @@ buildvariants:
     display_name: "bson-${bson} ${mongodb-version} ${topology} ${ruby}"
     tags: ["pr"]
     tasks:
-      - name: "test-mlaunch"
+      - name: "test"
 
   - matrix_name: "fle"
     matrix_spec:
@@ -1533,7 +1518,6 @@ buildvariants:
     run_on: ubuntu2204-small
     expansions:
       TOPOLOGY: sharded_cluster
-      MLAUNCH_TOPOLOGY: sharded-cluster
       RVM_RUBY: "ruby-4.0"
       MONGODB_VERSION: 'latest'
     tasks:
@@ -1566,7 +1550,7 @@ buildvariants:
     display_name: "OCSP verifier: ${mongodb-version} ${ruby}"
     tags: ["pr"]
     tasks:
-      - name: test-mlaunch
+      - name: test
 
   - matrix_name: ocsp-must-staple
     matrix_spec:
@@ -1580,7 +1564,7 @@ buildvariants:
       auth-and-ssl: noauth-and-ssl
     display_name: "OCSP integration - must staple: ${mongodb-version} ${ruby}"
     tasks:
-      - name: test-mlaunch
+      - name: test
 
   - matrix_name: ocsp-unknown
     matrix_spec:
@@ -1593,7 +1577,7 @@ buildvariants:
       auth-and-ssl: noauth-and-ssl
     display_name: "OCSP integration - unknown: ${mongodb-version} ${ruby}"
     tasks:
-      - name: test-mlaunch
+      - name: test
 
   - matrix_name: ocsp-connectivity
     matrix_spec:
@@ -1609,7 +1593,7 @@ buildvariants:
     display_name: "OCSP connectivity: ${ocsp-algorithm} ${ocsp-status} ${ocsp-delegate} ${extra-uri-options} ${mongodb-version} ${ruby}"
     tags: ["pr"]
     tasks:
-      - name: test-mlaunch
+      - name: test
   - matrix_name: ocsp-connectivity
     matrix_spec:
       ocsp-algorithm: '*'
@@ -1624,7 +1608,7 @@ buildvariants:
     display_name: "OCSP connectivity: ${ocsp-algorithm} ${ocsp-status} ${ocsp-delegate} ${extra-uri-options} ${mongodb-version} ${ruby}"
     tags: ["pr"]
     tasks:
-      - name: test-mlaunch
+      - name: test
   - matrix_name: ocsp-connectivity
     matrix_spec:
       ocsp-algorithm: '*'
@@ -1639,7 +1623,7 @@ buildvariants:
     display_name: "OCSP connectivity: ${ocsp-algorithm} ${ocsp-status} ${ocsp-delegate} ${extra-uri-options} ${mongodb-version} ${ruby}"
     tags: ["pr"]
     tasks:
-      - name: test-mlaunch
+      - name: test
   - matrix_name: ocsp-connectivity
     matrix_spec:
       ocsp-algorithm: '*'
@@ -1654,7 +1638,7 @@ buildvariants:
     display_name: "OCSP connectivity: ${ocsp-algorithm} ${ocsp-status} ${ocsp-delegate} ${extra-uri-options} ${mongodb-version} ${ruby}"
     tags: ["pr"]
     tasks:
-      - name: test-mlaunch
+      - name: test
   - matrix_name: ocsp-connectivity
     matrix_spec:
       ocsp-algorithm: '*'
@@ -1669,7 +1653,7 @@ buildvariants:
     display_name: "OCSP connectivity: ${ocsp-algorithm} ${ocsp-status} ${ocsp-delegate} ${extra-uri-options} ${mongodb-version} ${ruby}"
     tags: ["pr"]
     tasks:
-      - name: test-mlaunch
+      - name: test
   - matrix_name: ocsp-connectivity
     matrix_spec:
       ocsp-algorithm: '*'
@@ -1684,7 +1668,7 @@ buildvariants:
     display_name: "OCSP connectivity: ${ocsp-algorithm} ${ocsp-status} ${ocsp-delegate} ${extra-uri-options} ${mongodb-version} ${ruby}"
     tags: ["pr"]
     tasks:
-      - name: test-mlaunch
+      - name: test
   - matrix_name: ocsp-connectivity
     matrix_spec:
       ocsp-algorithm: '*'
@@ -1699,7 +1683,7 @@ buildvariants:
     display_name: "OCSP connectivity: ${ocsp-algorithm} ${ocsp-status} ${ocsp-delegate} ${extra-uri-options} ${mongodb-version} ${ruby}"
     tags: ["pr"]
     tasks:
-      - name: test-mlaunch
+      - name: test
   - matrix_name: ocsp-connectivity
     matrix_spec:
       ocsp-algorithm: '*'
@@ -1714,7 +1698,7 @@ buildvariants:
     display_name: "OCSP connectivity: ${ocsp-algorithm} ${ocsp-status} ${ocsp-delegate} ${extra-uri-options} ${mongodb-version} ${ruby}"
     tags: ["pr"]
     tasks:
-      - name: test-mlaunch
+      - name: test
   - matrix_name: ocsp-connectivity
     matrix_spec:
       ocsp-algorithm: '*'
@@ -1729,7 +1713,7 @@ buildvariants:
     display_name: "OCSP connectivity: ${ocsp-algorithm} ${ocsp-status} ${ocsp-delegate} ${extra-uri-options} ${mongodb-version} ${ruby}"
     tags: ["pr"]
     tasks:
-      - name: test-mlaunch
+      - name: test
 
   - matrix_name: ocsp-connectivity-jruby
     matrix_spec:
@@ -1750,7 +1734,7 @@ buildvariants:
     display_name: "OCSP connectivity: ${ocsp-algorithm} ${ocsp-status} ${ocsp-delegate} ${mongodb-version} ${ruby}"
     tags: ["pr"]
     tasks:
-      - name: test-mlaunch
+      - name: test
 
   # https://jira.mongodb.org/browse/RUBY-3540
   #- matrix_name: testgcpkms-variant
diff --git a/.evergreen/config/axes.yml.erb b/.evergreen/config/axes.yml.erb
index f621c72f4f..b7bad1c93a 100644
--- a/.evergreen/config/axes.yml.erb
+++ b/.evergreen/config/axes.yml.erb
@@ -45,27 +45,23 @@ axes:
         display_name: Standalone
         variables:
           TOPOLOGY: server
-          MLAUNCH_TOPOLOGY: standalone
       - id: "replica-set"
         display_name: Replica Set
         variables:
           TOPOLOGY: replica_set
-          MLAUNCH_TOPOLOGY: replica-set
       - id: "replica-set-single-node"
         display_name: Replica Set (Single Node)
         variables:
-          TOPOLOGY: replica-set-single-node
-          MLAUNCH_TOPOLOGY: replica-set-single-node
+          TOPOLOGY: replica_set
+          ORCHESTRATION_FILE: single-node.json
       - id: "sharded-cluster"
         display_name: Sharded
         variables:
           TOPOLOGY: sharded_cluster
-          MLAUNCH_TOPOLOGY: sharded-cluster
       - id: "load-balanced"
         display_name: Load Balanced
         variables:
           TOPOLOGY: sharded_cluster
-          MLAUNCH_TOPOLOGY: sharded-cluster
           LOAD_BALANCED: 'true'
 
   - id: "single-mongos"
diff --git a/.evergreen/config/common.yml.erb b/.evergreen/config/common.yml.erb
index 6176951194..106f81fe68 100644
--- a/.evergreen/config/common.yml.erb
+++ b/.evergreen/config/common.yml.erb
@@ -90,7 +90,6 @@ functions:
             export AUTH=${AUTH}
             export SSL=${SSL}
             export TOPOLOGY=${TOPOLOGY}
-            export MLAUNCH_TOPOLOGY=${MLAUNCH_TOPOLOGY}
             export COMPRESSOR=${COMPRESSOR}
             export RVM_RUBY="${RVM_RUBY}"
             export MONGODB_VERSION=${MONGODB_VERSION}
@@ -166,8 +165,6 @@ functions:
         script: |
           ${PREPARE_SHELL}
           export CSOT_SPEC_TESTS=1
-          unset TOPOLOGY
-          export TOPOLOGY=${MLAUNCH_TOPOLOGY}
           TEST_CMD="bundle exec rspec spec/spec_tests/client_side_operations_timeout_spec.rb --format Rfc::Riff --format RspecJunitFormatter --out tmp/rspec.xml" \
             .evergreen/run-tests.sh
 
@@ -180,8 +177,6 @@ functions:
         script: |
           ${PREPARE_SHELL}
           export OTEL_SPEC_TESTS=1
-          unset TOPOLOGY
-          export TOPOLOGY=${MLAUNCH_TOPOLOGY}
           TEST_CMD="bundle exec rspec spec/spec_tests/open_telemetry_spec.rb --format Rfc::Riff --format RspecJunitFormatter --out tmp/rspec.xml" \
             .evergreen/run-tests.sh
 
@@ -310,8 +305,6 @@ functions:
         working_dir: "src"
         script: |
           ${PREPARE_SHELL}
-          unset TOPOLOGY
-          export TOPOLOGY=${MLAUNCH_TOPOLOGY}
           TEST_CMD="bundle exec rake driver_bench" PERFORMANCE_RESULTS_FILE="$PROJECT_DIRECTORY/perf.json" .evergreen/run-tests.sh
     - command: perf.send
       params:
@@ -346,8 +339,6 @@ functions:
             export MONGO_RUBY_DRIVER_GCP_KEY_NAME="${fle_gcp_key_name}"
             export MONGO_RUBY_DRIVER_MONGOCRYPTD_PORT="${fle_mongocryptd_port}"
           fi
-          unset TOPOLOGY
-          export TOPOLOGY=${MLAUNCH_TOPOLOGY}
           .evergreen/run-tests.sh
 
   "run AWS auth tests":
@@ -358,8 +349,6 @@ functions:
         working_dir: "src"
         script: |
           ${PREPARE_SHELL}
-          unset TOPOLOGY
-          export TOPOLOGY=${MLAUNCH_TOPOLOGY}
           .evergreen/run-tests-aws-auth.sh
 
   "run Kerberos unit tests":
@@ -596,7 +585,7 @@ tasks:
     commands:
       - func: "export Atlas credentials"
       - func: "run Atlas tests"
-  - name: "test-mlaunch"
+  - name: "test"
     commands:
       - func: "run tests"
   - name: "driver-bench"
diff --git a/.evergreen/config/standard.yml.erb b/.evergreen/config/standard.yml.erb
index 0b9d91610c..037d884ff4 100644
--- a/.evergreen/config/standard.yml.erb
+++ b/.evergreen/config/standard.yml.erb
@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ buildvariants:
     display_name: "${mongodb-version} ${topology} single-lb ${auth-and-ssl} ${ruby}"
     tags: ["pr"]
     tasks:
-      - name: "test-mlaunch"
+      - name: "test"
 
   - matrix_name: "mongo-api-version"
     matrix_spec:
@@ -135,7 +135,7 @@ buildvariants:
     display_name: "${mongodb-version} api-version-required ${topology} ${auth-and-ssl} ${ruby}"
     tags: ["pr"]
     tasks:
-      - name: "test-mlaunch"
+      - name: "test"
 
   - matrix_name: "single-mongos"
     matrix_spec:
@@ -147,7 +147,7 @@ buildvariants:
     display_name: "${mongodb-version} ${topology} single-mongos ${auth-and-ssl} ${ruby}"
     tags: ["pr"]
     tasks:
-      - name: "test-mlaunch"
+      - name: "test"
 
   - matrix_name: CSOT
     matrix_spec:
@@ -181,7 +181,7 @@ buildvariants:
     display_name: "${mongodb-version} ${topology} ${retry-reads} ${ruby}"
     tags: ["pr"]
     tasks:
-      - name: "test-mlaunch"
+      - name: "test"
 
   - matrix_name: "no-retry-writes"
     matrix_spec:
@@ -193,7 +193,7 @@ buildvariants:
     display_name: "${mongodb-version} ${topology} ${retry-writes} ${ruby}"
     tags: ["pr"]
     tasks:
-      - name: "test-mlaunch"
+      - name: "test"
 
   - matrix_name: "lint"
     matrix_spec:
@@ -204,7 +204,7 @@ buildvariants:
       os: ubuntu2204
     display_name: "${mongodb-version} ${topology} ${lint} ${ruby}"
     tasks:
-      - name: "test-mlaunch"
+      - name: "test"
 
   - matrix_name: "fork"
     matrix_spec:
@@ -215,7 +215,7 @@ buildvariants:
       os: ubuntu2204
     display_name: "${mongodb-version} ${topology} fork ${ruby}"
     tasks:
-      - name: "test-mlaunch"
+      - name: "test"
 
   - matrix_name: "solo"
     matrix_spec:
@@ -226,7 +226,7 @@ buildvariants:
       os: ubuntu2204
     display_name: "${mongodb-version} ${topology} solo ${ruby}"
     tasks:
-      - name: "test-mlaunch"
+      - name: "test"
 
   - matrix_name: "stress older"
     matrix_spec:
@@ -237,7 +237,7 @@ buildvariants:
       os: ubuntu1804
     display_name: "${mongodb-version} ${topology} stress ${ruby}"
     tasks:
-      - name: "test-mlaunch"
+      - name: "test"
 
   - matrix_name: "stress"
     matrix_spec:
@@ -248,7 +248,7 @@ buildvariants:
       os: ubuntu2204
     display_name: "${mongodb-version} ${topology} stress ${ruby}"
     tasks:
-      - name: "test-mlaunch"
+      - name: "test"
 
 #  - matrix_name: "x509-tests"
 #    matrix_spec:
@@ -259,7 +259,7 @@ buildvariants:
 #      os: ubuntu2204
 #    display_name: "${mongodb-version} ${topology} ${auth-and-ssl} ${ruby}"
 #    tasks:
-#      - name: "test-mlaunch"
+#      - name: "test"
 
  <% [
       [latest_ruby, stable_and_rapid, 'ubuntu2204'],
@@ -319,7 +319,7 @@ buildvariants:
     display_name: "AS ${mongodb-version} ${topology} ${ruby}"
     tags: ["pr"]
     tasks:
-      - name: "test-mlaunch"
+      - name: "test"
 
   - matrix_name: <%= "bson-#{rubies}" %>
     matrix_spec:
@@ -331,7 +331,7 @@ buildvariants:
     display_name: "bson-${bson} ${mongodb-version} ${topology} ${ruby}"
     tags: ["pr"]
     tasks:
-      - name: "test-mlaunch"
+      - name: "test"
   <% end %>
 
   - matrix_name: "fle"
@@ -391,7 +391,6 @@ buildvariants:
     run_on: ubuntu2204-small
     expansions:
       TOPOLOGY: sharded_cluster
-      MLAUNCH_TOPOLOGY: sharded-cluster
       RVM_RUBY: <%= latest_ruby %>
       MONGODB_VERSION: 'latest'
     tasks:
@@ -424,7 +423,7 @@ buildvariants:
     display_name: "OCSP verifier: ${mongodb-version} ${ruby}"
     tags: ["pr"]
     tasks:
-      - name: test-mlaunch
+      - name: test
 
   - matrix_name: ocsp-must-staple
     matrix_spec:
@@ -438,7 +437,7 @@ buildvariants:
       auth-and-ssl: noauth-and-ssl
     display_name: "OCSP integration - must staple: ${mongodb-version} ${ruby}"
     tasks:
-      - name: test-mlaunch
+      - name: test
 
   - matrix_name: ocsp-unknown
     matrix_spec:
@@ -451,7 +450,7 @@ buildvariants:
       auth-and-ssl: noauth-and-ssl
     display_name: "OCSP integration - unknown: ${mongodb-version} ${ruby}"
     tasks:
-      - name: test-mlaunch
+      - name: test
 
   <% [
     %w(valid none pass),
@@ -481,7 +480,7 @@ buildvariants:
     display_name: "OCSP connectivity: ${ocsp-algorithm} ${ocsp-status} ${ocsp-delegate} ${extra-uri-options} ${mongodb-version} ${ruby}"
     tags: ["pr"]
     tasks:
-      - name: test-mlaunch
+      - name: test
   <% end %>
 
   - matrix_name: ocsp-connectivity-jruby
@@ -503,7 +502,7 @@ buildvariants:
     display_name: "OCSP connectivity: ${ocsp-algorithm} ${ocsp-status} ${ocsp-delegate} ${mongodb-version} ${ruby}"
     tags: ["pr"]
     tasks:
-      - name: test-mlaunch
+      - name: test
 
   # https://jira.mongodb.org/browse/RUBY-3540
   #- matrix_name: testgcpkms-variant
diff --git a/.evergreen/lib/server_setup.rb b/.evergreen/lib/server_setup.rb
index fbadef3c5d..79937358c2 100644
--- a/.evergreen/lib/server_setup.rb
+++ b/.evergreen/lib/server_setup.rb
@@ -99,8 +99,13 @@ def client
   end
 
   def bootstrap_client
-    @bootstrap_client ||= Mongo::Client.new(ENV['MONGODB_URI'] || %w(localhost),
-      user: 'bootstrap', password: 'bootstrap', auth_mech: :scram, auth_mech_properties: nil,
-    )
+    @bootstrap_client ||= if ENV['MONGODB_URI']
+      # In orchestration mode MONGODB_URI already has admin credentials; use them.
+      Mongo::Client.new(ENV['MONGODB_URI'], auth_mech: :scram, auth_mech_properties: nil)
+    else
+      Mongo::Client.new(%w(localhost),
+        user: 'bootstrap', password: 'bootstrap', auth_mech: :scram, auth_mech_properties: nil,
+      )
+    end
   end
 end
diff --git a/.evergreen/orchestration-configs/replica_sets/single-node.json b/.evergreen/orchestration-configs/replica_sets/single-node.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6ca22b95f0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.evergreen/orchestration-configs/replica_sets/single-node.json
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+{
+  "id": "repl0",
+  "members": [
+    {
+      "procParams": {
+        "ipv6": true,
+        "bind_ip": "127.0.0.1,::1",
+        "oplogSize": 500,
+        "port": 27017
+      }
+    }
+  ]
+}
diff --git a/.evergreen/orchestration-configs/sharded_clusters/single-mongos.json b/.evergreen/orchestration-configs/sharded_clusters/single-mongos.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..645848c1ac
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.evergreen/orchestration-configs/sharded_clusters/single-mongos.json
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+{
+  "id": "shard_cluster_1",
+  "shards": [
+    {
+      "id": "sh01",
+      "shardParams": {
+        "members": [
+          {
+            "procParams": {
+              "ipv6": true,
+              "bind_ip": "127.0.0.1,::1",
+              "shardsvr": true,
+              "port": 27217
+            }
+          },
+          {
+            "procParams": {
+              "ipv6": true,
+              "bind_ip": "127.0.0.1,::1",
+              "shardsvr": true,
+              "port": 27218
+            }
+          },
+          {
+            "procParams": {
+              "ipv6": true,
+              "bind_ip": "127.0.0.1,::1",
+              "shardsvr": true,
+              "port": 27219
+            }
+          }
+        ]
+      }
+    }
+  ],
+  "routers": [
+    {
+      "ipv6": true,
+      "bind_ip": "127.0.0.1,::1",
+      "port": 27017
+    }
+  ]
+}
diff --git a/.evergreen/run-orchestration.sh b/.evergreen/run-orchestration.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..342207d1e4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.evergreen/run-orchestration.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+# Translates Ruby driver environment variables to drivers-tools format,
+# then starts MongoDB via drivers-evergreen-tools run-mongodb.sh.
+
+set -e
+
+if test -z "${DRIVERS_TOOLS:-}"; then
+  echo "DRIVERS_TOOLS must be set" >&2
+  exit 1
+fi
+
+if test -z "${MONGO_ORCHESTRATION_HOME:-}"; then
+  export MONGO_ORCHESTRATION_HOME="$DRIVERS_TOOLS/.evergreen/orchestration"
+fi
+
+# Translate topology names to orchestration format.
+case "${TOPOLOGY:-server}" in
+  replica-set-single-node)
+    export TOPOLOGY=replica_set
+    export ORCHESTRATION_FILE="${ORCHESTRATION_FILE:-single-node.json}"
+    ;;
+  standalone)
+    export TOPOLOGY=server
+    ;;
+esac
+
+# Single mongos: use a 1-router sharded cluster config.
+if test "${SINGLE_MONGOS:-}" = 'true' && test "${TOPOLOGY:-}" = sharded_cluster; then
+  export ORCHESTRATION_FILE="${ORCHESTRATION_FILE:-single-mongos.json}"
+fi
+
+# Load balancer support.
+if test "${LOAD_BALANCED:-}" = 'true'; then
+  export LOAD_BALANCER=1
+fi
+
+# x509 auth: start server with auth+ssl; the x509 user is created later in run-tests.sh.
+if test "${AUTH:-}" = x509; then
+  export AUTH=auth
+  export SSL=yes
+fi
+
+# AWS auth: use the auth-aws orchestration file which enables MONGODB-AWS mechanism.
+if echo "${AUTH:-}" | grep -q ^aws; then
+  export AUTH_AWS=1
+  export AUTH=auth
+fi
+
+# OCSP: select orchestration file based on algorithm and mustStaple flag.
+# Without mustStaple the server does not staple, so use the disableStapling variant.
+if test -n "${OCSP_ALGORITHM:-}"; then
+  if test "${OCSP_MUST_STAPLE:-}" = 1; then
+    _ocsp_file="${OCSP_ALGORITHM}-basic-tls-ocsp-mustStaple.json"
+  else
+    _ocsp_file="${OCSP_ALGORITHM}-basic-tls-ocsp-disableStapling.json"
+  fi
+  export ORCHESTRATION_FILE="${ORCHESTRATION_FILE:-$_ocsp_file}"
+fi
+
+# If prepare_server already downloaded MongoDB, reuse those binaries.
+if test -n "${BINDIR:-}"; then
+  export EXISTING_BINARIES_DIR="$BINDIR"
+fi
+
+# Copy Ruby-driver-specific orchestration configs that are not (yet) in drivers-evergreen-tools.
+_configs_src="$(dirname "$0")/orchestration-configs"
+_configs_dst="$MONGO_ORCHESTRATION_HOME/configs"
+mkdir -p "$_configs_dst/replica_sets" "$_configs_dst/sharded_clusters"
+cp "$_configs_src"/replica_sets/single-node.json "$_configs_dst/replica_sets/"
+cp "$_configs_src"/sharded_clusters/single-mongos.json "$_configs_dst/sharded_clusters/"
+
+"$DRIVERS_TOOLS"/.evergreen/run-mongodb.sh start
+
+# Export MONGODB_URI written by the orchestration tool.
+. ./mo-expansion.sh
+export MONGODB_URI
diff --git a/.evergreen/run-tests-aws-auth.sh b/.evergreen/run-tests-aws-auth.sh
index 55827d5984..931acf41c0 100755
--- a/.evergreen/run-tests-aws-auth.sh
+++ b/.evergreen/run-tests-aws-auth.sh
@@ -13,8 +13,6 @@ elif test -f .env.private; then
   . ./.env.private
 fi
 
-export TOPOLOGY=${MLAUNCH_TOPOLOGY}
-
 # The AWS auth-related Evergreen variables are set the same way for most/all
 # drivers. Therefore we don't want to change the variable names in order to
 # transparently benefit from possible updates to these credentials in
diff --git a/.evergreen/run-tests.sh b/.evergreen/run-tests.sh
index 3b13f4f1bd..a020e984fc 100755
--- a/.evergreen/run-tests.sh
+++ b/.evergreen/run-tests.sh
@@ -1,17 +1,5 @@
 #!/bin/bash
 
-# Note that mlaunch is executed with (and therefore installed with) Python 2.
-# The reason for this is that in the past, some of the distros we tested on
-# had an ancient version of Python 3 that was unusable (e.g. it couldn't
-# install anything from PyPI due to outdated TLS/SSL implementation).
-# It is likely that all of the current distros we use have a recent enough
-# and working Python 3 implementation, such that we could use Python 3 for
-# everything.
-#
-# Note that some distros (e.g. ubuntu2004) do not contain a `python' binary
-# at all, thus python2 or python3 must be explicitly specified depending on
-# the desired version.
-
 set -e
 set -o pipefail
 
@@ -59,73 +47,54 @@ export JAVACMD=$JAVA_HOME/bin/java
 
 prepare_server
 
-if test "$DOCKER_PRELOAD" != 1; then
-  install_mlaunch_venv
-  pip3 install waitress
-fi
-
 # Make sure cmake is installed (in case we need to install the libmongocrypt
 # helper)
 if [ -n "$FLE" ]; then
   install_cmake
 fi
 
-if test "$TOPOLOGY" = load-balanced; then
+if test "${LOAD_BALANCED:-}" = 'true'; then
   install_haproxy
 fi
 
-# Launching mongod under $MONGO_ORCHESTRATION_HOME
-# makes its log available through log collecting machinery
-
-export dbdir="$MONGO_ORCHESTRATION_HOME"/db
-mkdir -p "$dbdir"
+# Compute OCSP mock server arguments before starting MongoDB.
+if test -n "${OCSP_ALGORITHM:-}"; then
+  _ocsp_ca="spec/support/ocsp/$OCSP_ALGORITHM/ca.crt"
+  OCSP_ARGS="--ca_file $_ocsp_ca"
+  if test "${OCSP_DELEGATE:-}" = 1; then
+    OCSP_ARGS="$OCSP_ARGS \
+--ocsp_responder_cert spec/support/ocsp/$OCSP_ALGORITHM/ocsp-responder.crt \
+--ocsp_responder_key spec/support/ocsp/$OCSP_ALGORITHM/ocsp-responder.key"
+  else
+    OCSP_ARGS="$OCSP_ARGS \
+--ocsp_responder_cert spec/support/ocsp/$OCSP_ALGORITHM/ca.crt \
+--ocsp_responder_key spec/support/ocsp/$OCSP_ALGORITHM/ca.key"
+  fi
+  if test -n "${OCSP_STATUS:-}"; then
+    OCSP_ARGS="$OCSP_ARGS --fault $OCSP_STATUS"
+  fi
+  export OCSP_ARGS
+fi
 
-if test -z "$TOPOLOGY"; then
-  export TOPOLOGY=standalone
+if test -n "${OCSP_ALGORITHM:-}" || test -n "${OCSP_VERIFIER:-}"; then
+  python3 -m pip install asn1crypto oscrypto flask waitress
 fi
 
-calculate_server_args
 launch_ocsp_mock
 
-launch_server "$dbdir"
+export TOPOLOGY="${TOPOLOGY:-server}"
 
-uri_options="$URI_OPTIONS"
+.evergreen/run-orchestration.sh
+. ./mo-expansion.sh
+export MONGODB_URI
 
 bundle_install
 
-if test "$TOPOLOGY" = sharded-cluster; then
-  if test -n "$SINGLE_MONGOS"; then
-    # Some tests may run into https://jira.mongodb.org/browse/SERVER-16836
-    # when executing against a multi-sharded mongos.
-    # At the same time, due to pinning in sharded transactions,
-    # it is beneficial to test a single shard to ensure that server
-    # monitoring and selection are working correctly and recover the driver's
-    # ability to operate in reasonable time after errors and fail points trigger
-    # on a single shard
-    echo Restricting to a single mongos
-    hosts=localhost:27017
-  else
-    hosts=localhost:27017,localhost:27018
-  fi
-elif test "$TOPOLOGY" = replica-set; then
-  # To set FCV we use mongo shell, it needs to be placed in replica set topology
-  # or it can try to send the commands to secondaries.
-  hosts=localhost:27017,localhost:27018
-  uri_options="$uri_options&replicaSet=test-rs"
-elif test "$TOPOLOGY" = replica-set-single-node; then
-  hosts=localhost:27017
-  uri_options="$uri_options&replicaSet=test-rs"
-else
-  hosts=localhost:27017
-fi
-
-if test "$AUTH" = auth; then
-  hosts="bob:pwd123@$hosts"
-elif test "$AUTH" = x509; then
+if test "$AUTH" = x509; then
   create_user_cmd="`cat <<'EOT'
     db.getSiblingDB("$external").runCommand(
       {
-        createUser: "C=US,ST=New York,L=New York City,O=MongoDB,OU=x509,CN=localhost",
+        createUser: "CN=client,OU=Drivers,O=MDB,L=New York City,ST=New York,C=US",
         roles: [
              { role: "root", db: "admin" },
         ],
@@ -136,16 +105,17 @@ EOT
   `"
 
   "$BINDIR"/mongosh --tls \
-    --tlsCAFile spec/support/certificates/ca.crt \
-    --tlsCertificateKeyFile spec/support/certificates/client-x509.pem \
-    -u bootstrap -p bootstrap \
+    --tlsCAFile .evergreen/x509gen/ca.pem \
+    -u bob -p pwd123 \
+    --authenticationDatabase admin \
     --eval "$create_user_cmd"
 elif test "$AUTH" = aws-regular; then
   clear_instance_profile
 
   ruby -Ilib -I.evergreen/lib -rserver_setup -e ServerSetup.new.setup_aws_auth
 
-  hosts="`uri_escape $MONGO_RUBY_DRIVER_AWS_AUTH_ACCESS_KEY_ID`:`uri_escape $MONGO_RUBY_DRIVER_AWS_AUTH_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY`@$hosts"
+  _mongo_host=$(echo "$MONGODB_URI" | sed 's|mongodb://[^@]*@||' | sed 's|/.*||')
+  export MONGODB_URI="mongodb://$(uri_escape "$MONGO_RUBY_DRIVER_AWS_AUTH_ACCESS_KEY_ID"):$(uri_escape "$MONGO_RUBY_DRIVER_AWS_AUTH_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY")@${_mongo_host}/?authMechanism=MONGODB-AWS&authSource=\$external"
 elif test "$AUTH" = aws-assume-role; then
   clear_instance_profile
 
@@ -165,10 +135,8 @@ elif test "$AUTH" = aws-assume-role; then
 
   aws sts get-caller-identity
 
-  hosts="`uri_escape $MONGO_RUBY_DRIVER_AWS_AUTH_ACCESS_KEY_ID`:`uri_escape $MONGO_RUBY_DRIVER_AWS_AUTH_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY`@$hosts"
-
-  uri_options="$uri_options&"\
-"authMechanismProperties=AWS_SESSION_TOKEN:`uri_escape $MONGO_RUBY_DRIVER_AWS_AUTH_SESSION_TOKEN`"
+  _mongo_host=$(echo "$MONGODB_URI" | sed 's|mongodb://[^@]*@||' | sed 's|/.*||')
+  export MONGODB_URI="mongodb://$(uri_escape "$MONGO_RUBY_DRIVER_AWS_AUTH_ACCESS_KEY_ID"):$(uri_escape "$MONGO_RUBY_DRIVER_AWS_AUTH_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY")@${_mongo_host}/?authMechanism=MONGODB-AWS&authSource=\$external&authMechanismProperties=AWS_SESSION_TOKEN:$(uri_escape "$MONGO_RUBY_DRIVER_AWS_AUTH_SESSION_TOKEN")"
 elif test "$AUTH" = aws-ec2; then
   ruby -Ilib -I.evergreen/lib -rserver_setup -e ServerSetup.new.setup_aws_auth
 
@@ -178,6 +146,9 @@ elif test "$AUTH" = aws-ec2; then
   # The EC2 credential retrieval tests clears the instance profile as part
   # of one of the tests.
   ruby -Ispec -Ilib -I.evergreen/lib -rec2_setup -e Ec2Setup.new.assign_instance_profile
+
+  _mongo_host=$(echo "$MONGODB_URI" | sed 's|mongodb://[^@]*@||' | sed 's|/.*||')
+  export MONGODB_URI="mongodb://${_mongo_host}/?authMechanism=MONGODB-AWS&authSource=\$external"
 elif test "$AUTH" = aws-ecs; then
   if test -z "$AWS_CONTAINER_CREDENTIALS_RELATIVE_URI"; then
     # drivers-evergreen-tools performs this operation in its ECS E2E tester.
@@ -185,10 +156,16 @@ elif test "$AUTH" = aws-ecs; then
   fi
 
   ruby -Ilib -I.evergreen/lib -rserver_setup -e ServerSetup.new.setup_aws_auth
+
+  _mongo_host=$(echo "$MONGODB_URI" | sed 's|mongodb://[^@]*@||' | sed 's|/.*||')
+  export MONGODB_URI="mongodb://${_mongo_host}/?authMechanism=MONGODB-AWS&authSource=\$external"
 elif test "$AUTH" = aws-web-identity; then
   clear_instance_profile
 
   ruby -Ilib -I.evergreen/lib -rserver_setup -e ServerSetup.new.setup_aws_auth
+
+  _mongo_host=$(echo "$MONGODB_URI" | sed 's|mongodb://[^@]*@||' | sed 's|/.*||')
+  export MONGODB_URI="mongodb://${_mongo_host}/?authMechanism=MONGODB-AWS&authSource=\$external"
 elif test "$AUTH" = kerberos; then
   export MONGO_RUBY_DRIVER_KERBEROS=1
 fi
@@ -218,14 +195,6 @@ if test -n "$FLE"; then
   # Start the KMS servers first so that they are launching while we are
   # fetching libmongocrypt.
   if test "$DOCKER_PRELOAD" != 1; then
-    # We already have a virtualenv activated for mlaunch,
-    # install kms dependencies into it.
-    #. .evergreen/csfle/activate_venv.sh
-
-    # Adjusted package versions:
-    # cryptography 3.4 requires rust, see
-    # https://github.com/pyca/cryptography/issues/5771.
-    #pip install boto3~=1.19 cryptography~=3.4.8 pykmip~=0.10.0
     pip3 install boto3~=1.19 'cryptography<3.4' pykmip~=0.10.0 'sqlalchemy<2.0.0'
   fi
   python3 -u .evergreen/csfle/kms_http_server.py --ca_file .evergreen/x509gen/ca.pem --cert_file .evergreen/x509gen/server.pem --port 7999 &
@@ -308,23 +277,21 @@ if test -n "$FLE"; then
 fi
 
 if test -n "$OCSP_CONNECTIVITY"; then
-  # TODO Maybe OCSP_CONNECTIVITY=* should set SSL=ssl instead.
-  uri_options="$uri_options&tls=true"
+  add_uri_option tls=true
+  add_uri_option "tlsCAFile=$DRIVERS_TOOLS/.evergreen/ocsp/$OCSP_ALGORITHM/ca.pem"
 fi
 
 if test -n "$EXTRA_URI_OPTIONS"; then
-  uri_options="$uri_options&$EXTRA_URI_OPTIONS"
+  add_uri_option "$EXTRA_URI_OPTIONS"
 fi
 
-export MONGODB_URI="mongodb://$hosts/?serverSelectionTimeoutMS=30000$uri_options"
-
 if echo "$AUTH" |grep -q ^aws-assume-role; then
   $BINDIR/mongosh "$MONGODB_URI" --eval 'db.runCommand({serverStatus: 1})' | wc
 fi
 
 set_fcv
 
-if test "$TOPOLOGY" = replica-set || test "$TOPOLOGY" = replica-set-single-node; then
+if test "$TOPOLOGY" = replica_set; then
   ruby -Ilib -I.evergreen/lib -rbundler/setup -rserver_setup -e ServerSetup.new.setup_tags
 fi
 
@@ -338,13 +305,13 @@ if ! test "$OCSP_VERIFIER" = 1 && ! test -n "$OCSP_CONNECTIVITY"; then
   bundle exec rake spec:prepare
 fi
 
-if test "$TOPOLOGY" = sharded-cluster && test $MONGODB_VERSION = 3.6; then
+if test "$TOPOLOGY" = sharded_cluster && test $MONGODB_VERSION = 3.6; then
   # On 3.6 server the sessions collection is not immediately available,
   # wait for it to spring into existence
   bundle exec rake spec:wait_for_sessions
 fi
 
-export MONGODB_URI="mongodb://$hosts/?appName=test-suite$uri_options"
+add_uri_option "appName=test-suite"
 
 # Compression is handled via an environment variable, convert to URI option
 if test "$COMPRESSOR" = zlib && ! echo $MONGODB_URI |grep -q compressors=; then
@@ -407,7 +374,7 @@ if test -n "$OCSP_MOCK_PID"; then
   kill "$OCSP_MOCK_PID"
 fi
 
-python3 -m mtools.mlaunch.mlaunch stop --dir "$dbdir" || true
+"$DRIVERS_TOOLS"/.evergreen/run-mongodb.sh stop || true
 
 if test -n "$FLE" && test "$DOCKER_PRELOAD" != 1; then
   # Terminate all kmip servers... and whatever else happens to be running
diff --git a/spec/support/spec_config.rb b/spec/support/spec_config.rb
index 3e1015d73a..524bd94b74 100644
--- a/spec/support/spec_config.rb
+++ b/spec/support/spec_config.rb
@@ -330,7 +330,11 @@ def local_client_pem_path
   end
 
   def client_x509_pem_path
-    "#{ssl_certs_dir}/client-x509.pem"
+    if drivers_tools?
+      evergreen_client_pem_path
+    else
+      "#{ssl_certs_dir}/client-x509.pem"
+    end
   end
 
   def second_level_cert_path