happygoluckycodeeditor.github.io/sea_internet.html at main · happygoluckycodeeditor/happygoluckycodeeditor.github.io · GitHub

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<!-- META TAGS-->
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>South East Asia and internet ~ Tanmay's Portfolio</title>
<meta name="description" content="Tanmay's Career Portfolio・タンマイのキャリアポートフォリオ">
<meta name="twitter:image" content="photos/Helloname.jpeg">
<meta property="og:image" content=" photos/Helloname.jpeg">

<!-- All the important imports-->
<link rel="icon" type="image/x-icon" href="photos/Favicon.png">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Abel">
<link href='https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Rubik' rel='stylesheet'>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/earlyaccess/kokoro.css">
<link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Noto+Sans+JP" rel="stylesheet">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="css_folder/styles.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://unpkg.com/aos@next/dist/aos.css" />
<link rel="stylesheet" href="css_folder/sea_internet.css"> <!-- Add The style sheet here-->
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/highlight.js/11.4.0/styles/atom-one-dark.min.css">
<script defer src="app.js"></script>


</head>
<body class="fade-in-text">
    <!-- NAV BAR-->
    <header class="nav-bar">
        <div id="navitem"><h3><a href="index.html">Home</a></h3></div>
        <div id="navitem"><h3><a href="#top">Top of Page</a></h3></div>
    </header>


    <!--Title image of the article-->
    <div class="textoverphoto">
        <img src="photos/sea_internet.jpg" alt="sea_sample" class="centeredphoto">
        <div class="centered">South East Asia and the Advent of the internet</div>
    </div>


    <h2 class="term_paper_title">New Information Communication Technologies and Social
        Media and its effect on economic development in Southeast
        Asia</h2>
    <h3 class="term_paper_title">東南アジアに関する情報通信技術とSNS普及の定量分析</h3>

    <div>
        <p class="sea_body body_padding"> The following term paper of master's course looks into the spread of ICT technologies and internet
        and their influence on the local economy of South-East Asian Countries (Particularly ASEAN Countries)
        </p>

        <h2 class="sea_body underline"><span>Introduction</span></h2>
        <p class="sea_body body_padding">The paper discusses the impact of Internet and social media on Society and Economic Development.
            It highlights the role of internet in promoting economic growth and incresing communication accessibility. The paper also
            raises the hypothesis of whether Internet Penetration correlates with Economic Development in different south-east asian countries and
            their infrastructures. The paper uses a quantitative approach, specifically simple linear regression, to verify the correlation between GDP and economic development and social media in different ASEAN member states. The paper also examines the trends between GDP, social media, and economic development over a period of 7/8 years. The data and discussion aim to provide insights into how GDP has impacted the emergence of the Internet and social media over the years.
        </p>

        <h2 class="sea_body underline"><span>Importance of Internet and Social Media</span></h2>
        <p class="sea_body body_padding">The internet and social media have been a groundbreaking innovation
            which has contributed to exceptional growth to many world economies. While Internet penetration has been linked to economic growth,
            the timing and reach of its adoption varies based on socio-political and economic factors.
            Social media platforms, on the other hand, have experienced explosive growth over the past two decades and
            have become a significant factor in commerce and political change.
            <br>
            Social media and internet has changed the world. The rapid and vast adoption of these
            technologies is changing how we find partners, how we access information from the
            news, and how we organize to demand political change. And thus, it is important to study and research their tendencies with regards to
            different regional factors.
        </p>

        <h2 class="sea_body underline"><span>Internet and social media in South-East Asia</span></h2>
        <div class="text_and_image sea_body body_padding">
            <p class="flex_text">The growth of Internet has been influential and has shown an enourmous growth potential in South East Asia in the recent years with upto 9.1% jump in 2021 (Refer the Datareportal Presentation)
                <br>
                <span>1. The growth of internet and Social media services has been positive in the SEA region</span>
                <br>
                <span>2. The public has a positive sentiment towards the internet</span>
            </p>
            <diV class="flex_photo"><iframe src="//www.slideshare.net/slideshow/embed_code/key/CEDaAgU2EVNIBU?startSlide=30" width="425" height="355" frameborder="0" marginwidth="0" marginheight="0" scrolling="no" style="border:1px solid #CCC; border-width:1px; margin-bottom:5px; max-width: 100%;" allowfullscreen> </iframe> <div style="margin-bottom:5px"> <strong> <a href="//www.slideshare.net/DataReportal/digital-2021-global-overview-report-january-2021-v03" title="Digital 2021 Global Overview Report (January 2021) v03" target="_blank">Digital 2021 Global Overview Report (January 2021) v03</a> </strong> from <strong><a href="//www.slideshare.net/DataReportal" target="_blank">DataReportal</a></strong> </div></diV>
        </div>

        <h2 class="sea_body underline"><span> Relationship between Economic development, the Spread
            of the Internet and Social media</span></h2>
        <p class="sea_body body_padding">Looking through the previous research on relationship between Economic development versus the Spread of Internet and Social Media, we can infer the following
            <ol class="projectlist sea_body">
                <li>There should be a positive correlation between Internet pentration and Economic Development</li>
                <li>There should be a positive correlation between Spread of SNS services and Economic Development</li>
            </ol>
        </p>
        <p class="sea_body body_padding">In order to measure economic development in this context, the paper conisders Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of the respective countries</p>
        <p class="sea_body body_padding"><span class="underline">Methods used: Microsoft Excel for Quantitative Analysis(Linear Regression Analysis)</span></p>

        <!--Economic development v/s Internet-->
        <h2 class="sea_body underline"><span>Economic Development v/s Spread of Internet</span></h2>
        <p class="sea_body body_padding">The paper analyses the relationship between the two variables (GDP v/s Internet Penetration) for the following countries and checks the relationship </p>

        <table class="sea_body">
            <tr>
                <td><span>Country</span></td>
                <td><span>Multiple r (Absolute value)</span></td>
                <td><span>r2</span></td>
                <td><span>Significant F (p≤0.05)</span></td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
                <td>Indonesia</td>
                <td>0.544</td>
                <td>0.296</td>
                <td>0.164</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
                <td>Vietnam</td>
                <td>0.946</td>
                <td>0.894</td>
                <td>0</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
                <td>Cambodia</td>
                <td>0.952</td>
                <td>0.907</td>
                <td>0</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
                <td>Malaysia</td>
                <td>0.274</td>
                <td>0.075</td>
                <td>0.511</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
                <td>Brunei[1]</td>
                <td>0.893</td>
                <td>0.797</td>
                <td>0.003</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
                <td>Singapore</td>
                <td>0.813</td>
                <td>0.66</td>
                <td>0.014</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
                <td>Thailand</td>
                <td>0.808</td>
                <td>0.653</td>
                <td>0.015</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
                <td>Laos</td>
                <td>0.961</td>
                <td>0.924</td>
                <td>0</td>
            </tr>
        </table>
        <p class="sea_body">  [1]It is note that data from Brunei leads to having a negative r value of -0.893, which means that as GDP has decreased, internet penetration has increased</p>


        <p class="sea_body body_padding">The data visualisations of the relationships is as follows:</p>

            <!--Accordion with + sign-->
            <button class="accordion sea_body">Indonesia</button>
            <div class="panel sea_body">
            <img class="img2" src="photos/Indonesia_graph.png" alt="Indonesia_graph">
            </div>

            <button class="accordion sea_body">Vietnam</button>
            <div class="panel sea_body">
            <img class="img2" src="photos/vietnam_graph.png" alt="vietnam_graph">
            </div>

            <button class="accordion sea_body">Cambodia</button>
            <div class="panel sea_body">
            <img class="img2" src="photos/cambodia_graph.png" alt="cambodia_graph">
            </div>

            <button class="accordion sea_body">Malaysia</button>
            <div class="panel sea_body">
            <img class="img2" src="photos/malaysia_graph.png" alt="malaysia_graph">
            </div>

            <button class="accordion sea_body">Brunei</button>
            <div class="panel sea_body">
            <img class="img2" src="photos/brunei_graph.png" alt="brunei_graph">
            </div>

            <button class="accordion sea_body">Singapore</button>
            <div class="panel sea_body">
            <img class="img2" src="photos/singapore_graph.png" alt="singapore_graph">
            </div>

            <button class="accordion sea_body">Thailand</button>
            <div class="panel sea_body">
            <img class="img2" src="photos/thailand_png.png" alt="thailand_png">
            </div>

            <button class="accordion sea_body">Laos</button>
            <div class="panel sea_body">
            <img class="img2" src="photos/laos_graph.png" alt="laos_graph">
            </div>

            <br>

            <!--Economic Development v/s Spread of social media-->
            <h2 class="sea_body underline body"><span>Economic Development v/s Spread of Social Media</span></h2>


            <p class="sea_body body_padding">The paper analyses the relationship between the two variables (GDP v/s Social media penetration) for the following countries and checks the relationship</p>

            <table class="sea_body">
                <tr>
                    <td><span>Country</span></td>
                    <td><span>Multiple r (Absolute value)</span></td>
                    <td><span>r2</span></td>
                    <td><span>Significant F(p≤0.05)</span></td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                    <td>Indonesia</td>
                    <td>0.888</td>
                    <td>0.789</td>
                    <td>0.008</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                    <td>Vietnam</td>
                    <td>0.988</td>
                    <td>0.977</td>
                    <td>0</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                    <td>Cambodia</td>
                    <td>0.964</td>
                    <td>0.929</td>
                    <td>0</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                    <td>Malaysia</td>
                    <td>0.324</td>
                    <td>0.105</td>
                    <td>0.478</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                    <td>Brunei</td>
                    <td>0.371</td>
                    <td>0.138</td>
                    <td>0.413</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                    <td>Singapore</td>
                    <td>0.85</td>
                    <td>0.723</td>
                    <td>0.015</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                    <td>Thailand</td>
                    <td>0.167</td>
                    <td>0.028</td>
                    <td>0.72</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                    <td>Laos</td>
                    <td>0.966</td>
                    <td>0.933</td>
                    <td>0</td>
                </tr>
            </table>

            <p class="sea_body body_padding">The data visualisations of the relationships is as follows:</p>

            <!--Accordion with + sign-->
            <button class="accordion sea_body">Indonesia</button>
            <div class="panel sea_body">
            <img class="img2" src="photos/Indonesia_graph.png" alt="Indonesia_graph">
            </div>

            <button class="accordion sea_body">Vietnam</button>
            <div class="panel sea_body">
            <img class="img2" src="photos/vietnam_graph.png" alt="vietnam_graph">
            </div>

            <button class="accordion sea_body">Cambodia</button>
            <div class="panel sea_body">
            <img class="img2" src="photos/cambodia_graph.png" alt="cambodia_graph">
            </div>

            <button class="accordion sea_body">Malaysia</button>
            <div class="panel sea_body">
            <img class="img2" src="photos/malaysia_graph.png" alt="malaysia_graph">
            </div>

            <button class="accordion sea_body">Brunei</button>
            <div class="panel sea_body">
            <img class="img2" src="photos/brunei_graph.png" alt="brunei_graph">
            </div>

            <button class="accordion sea_body">Singapore</button>
            <div class="panel sea_body">
            <img class="img2" src="photos/singapore_graph.png" alt="singapore_graph">
            </div>

            <button class="accordion sea_body">Thailand</button>
            <div class="panel sea_body">
            <img class="img2" src="photos/thailand_png.png" alt="thailand_png">
            </div>

            <button class="accordion sea_body">Laos</button>
            <div class="panel sea_body">
            <img class="img2" src="photos/laos_graph.png" alt="laos_graph">
            </div>

            <br>

            <h2 class="sea_body underline"><span>Discussion of Results</span></h2>
            <ul class="sea_body body_padding">
                <li>The correlation between Internet and the spread of internet shows a positive correlation in most of the countries of SEA.
                    However, it is not consistent in every country and the P-test is also not consistent in every case
                </li>
                <li>The correlation between Internet and Social Media shows a positive Correlation in most of the cases but just like the spread of
                    internet, it does not stay consistent in every case.
                </li>
                <li>This inconistency could be explained by due to the size of the Sample, which is too small to actually conduct a substantial result.
                    A robust sample size is required to do a proper analysis
                </li>
                <li>There could be unknown variables which are affecting the relationship between GDP and Internet, SNS</li>
            </ul>

            <h2 class="sea_body underline"><span>Limitations</span></h2>
            <ul class="sea_body body_padding">
                <li>The linear regression was lacking more data to create a more comprehensive analysis</li>
                <li>The correlation is not consistent across the board and thus requires more literature review to figure out what could be the variables which can
                    affect the analysis
                </li>
                <li>Correlation ≠ Causation, while we can see strong correlation between the variables, we should also consider the place were the relation is not necessarily seen.
                    Thus there is more need to figure out the Framework of our analysis to make more robust
                </li>
            </ul>

            <h2 class="sea_body underline"><span>Conclusion</span></h2>
            <p class="sea_body body_padding">
                The results of the linear regression tests confirmed, for the most part, that Economic development correlated to the Spread of the Internet and Social media for the majority of the countries in southeast asia considered for this study.
                <br>
                However, some countries did not have a reasonable correlation between the variables. This inconsistency could be explained by a factor such as policy effects regarding digital technology in the region, which could be an extra variable affecting the correlation.
                <br>
                Future research regarding the understanding of this correlation should include consideration of regional and international politics, which affect policies regarding digital adoption; there should also be customer perception surveys to understand the perception of the Internet and social media in the region and level of access to technology in the region.
            </p>

            <h2 class="sea_body conclusion"><span>Thank you for going through my Term paper!</span></h2>
            <h3 class="sea_body conclusion">This term paper was submitted as a course requirement for my Master's Seminar at Goethe University Frankfurt, Germany</h3>


    <!-- Footer of the page-->
    <footer class="foot">
        <img src="photos/logo2.png" class="logo2">
        <p>©Tanmay Bagwe</p>
        <p>Thank you for visiting</p>
        <p>Any Questions? Contact me <a href="mailto:tanmay.bagwe.tb@gmail.com">here!</a></p>
    </footer>

    <!-- Adding AOS Script (Global settings)-->
    <script src="https://unpkg.com/aos@next/dist/aos.js"></script>
    <script>
        AOS.init({
        once: true,
        });
    </script>

    <!-- Adding Highlight.js Script-->
    <script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/highlight.js/11.4.0/highlight.min.js"></script>
    <script>hljs.highlightAll();</script>

    <!--Adding Chart.js-->
    <script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/Chart.js/2.9.4/Chart.js">
    </script>


</body>
</html>