diff --git a/.github/workflows/ci.yml b/.github/workflows/ci.yml
index 6fa98ba..c450118 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/ci.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/ci.yml
@@ -15,10 +15,10 @@ jobs:
 
     steps:
     - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-    - name: Set up Python 3.9
+    - name: Set up Python
       uses: actions/setup-python@v5
       with:
-        python-version: 3.9
+        python-version: "3.11"
     - uses: pre-commit/action@v3.0.1
 
   tests:
@@ -27,22 +27,18 @@ jobs:
       fail-fast: false
       matrix:
         os: [ubuntu-latest]
-        python-version: ["3.9", "3.10", "3.11", "3.12"]
-        sphinx-version: ["~=7.0"]
+        python-version: ["3.11", "3.12", "3.13", "3.14"]
+        sphinx-version: ["~=7.0", "~=8.0"]
         extras: ["testing"]
         include:
-        - os: ubuntu-latest
-          python-version: "3.9"
-          sphinx-version: "~=6.0"
-          extras: "testing"
-        - os: ubuntu-latest
-          python-version: "3.10"
-          sphinx-version: "~=8.0"
-          extras: "testing-no-myst"  # TODO myst does not yet support Sphinx 8.0
         - os: windows-latest
-          python-version: "3.9"
+          python-version: "3.11"
           sphinx-version: "~=7.0"
           extras: "testing"
+        - os: windows-latest
+          python-version: "3.14"
+          sphinx-version: "~=8.0"
+          extras: "testing"
 
     runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
 
@@ -81,10 +77,10 @@ jobs:
 
     steps:
     - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-    - name: Set up Python 3.9
+    - name: Set up Python
       uses: actions/setup-python@v5
       with:
-        python-version: "3.9"
+        python-version: "3.11"
         cache: pip
     - name: Install dependencies
       run: |
@@ -123,7 +119,7 @@ jobs:
     - name: Set up Python
       uses: actions/setup-python@v5
       with:
-        python-version: 3.9
+        python-version: "3.11"
     - name: install flit
       run: |
         pip install flit~=3.4
diff --git a/.pre-commit-config.yaml b/.pre-commit-config.yaml
index d1d68f3..7b072d5 100644
--- a/.pre-commit-config.yaml
+++ b/.pre-commit-config.yaml
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ exclude: >
 repos:
 
   - repo: https://github.com/pre-commit/pre-commit-hooks
-    rev: v4.6.0
+    rev: v6.0.0
     hooks:
     - id: check-json
     - id: check-yaml
@@ -19,14 +19,14 @@ repos:
     - id: trailing-whitespace
 
   - repo: https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff-pre-commit
-    rev: v0.5.5
+    rev: v0.14.9
     hooks:
     - id: ruff
       args: [--fix]
     - id: ruff-format
 
   - repo: https://github.com/pre-commit/mirrors-mypy
-    rev: v1.11.1
+    rev: v1.19.1
     hooks:
     - id: mypy
       additional_dependencies: []
diff --git a/.readthedocs.yml b/.readthedocs.yml
index 929b95b..405595e 100644
--- a/.readthedocs.yml
+++ b/.readthedocs.yml
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ version: 2
 build:
   os: ubuntu-22.04
   tools:
-    python: "3.10"
+    python: "3.11"
 
 python:
   install:
@@ -13,5 +13,6 @@ python:
           - rtd
 
 sphinx:
+  configuration: docs/conf.py
   builder: html
   fail_on_warning: true
diff --git a/pyproject.toml b/pyproject.toml
index 995c00c..6f3c60d 100644
--- a/pyproject.toml
+++ b/pyproject.toml
@@ -15,11 +15,10 @@ classifiers = [
     "Intended Audience :: Developers",
     "License :: OSI Approved :: MIT License",
     "Programming Language :: Python :: 3",
-    "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.9",
-    "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.10",
     "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.11",
     "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.12",
     "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.13",
+    "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.14",
     "Programming Language :: Python :: Implementation :: CPython",
     "Topic :: Software Development :: Libraries :: Python Modules",
     "Topic :: Text Processing :: Markup",
@@ -27,8 +26,8 @@ classifiers = [
     "Topic :: Text Processing :: Markup :: reStructuredText",
 ]
 keywords = ["sphinx", "extension", "material design", "web components"]
-requires-python = ">=3.9"
-dependencies = ["sphinx>=6,<9"]
+requires-python = ">=3.11"
+dependencies = ["sphinx>=7,<9"]
 
 [project.urls]
 Homepage = "https://github.com/executablebooks/sphinx-design"
@@ -36,9 +35,9 @@ Documentation = "https://sphinx-design.readthedocs.io"
 
 [project.optional-dependencies]
 code-style = ["pre-commit>=3,<4"]
-rtd = ["myst-parser>=2,<4"]
+rtd = ["myst-parser>=3,<5"]
 testing = [
-    "myst-parser>=2,<4",
+    "myst-parser>=3,<5",
     "pytest~=8.3",
     "pytest-cov",
     "pytest-regressions",
diff --git a/sphinx_design/__init__.py b/sphinx_design/__init__.py
index 581dfc7..2a38a8b 100644
--- a/sphinx_design/__init__.py
+++ b/sphinx_design/__init__.py
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
 
 
 def setup(app: "Sphinx") -> dict:
-    from .extension import setup_extension
+    from .extension import setup_extension  # noqa: PLC0415
 
     setup_extension(app)
     return {
diff --git a/sphinx_design/_compat.py b/sphinx_design/_compat.py
index 3797c73..e909d1e 100644
--- a/sphinx_design/_compat.py
+++ b/sphinx_design/_compat.py
@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
 """Helpers for cross compatibility across dependency versions."""
 
-from collections.abc import Iterable
+from collections.abc import Callable, Iterable
 from importlib import resources
-from typing import Callable
 
 from docutils.nodes import Element
 
@@ -14,8 +13,5 @@ def findall(node: Element) -> Callable[..., Iterable[Element]]:
     return getattr(node, "findall", node.traverse)
 
 
-# TODO: >= Python 3.9, only use `resources.files` and drop `resources.read_text`
 def read_text(module: resources.Package, filename: str) -> str:
-    if hasattr(resources, "files"):
-        return resources.files(module).joinpath(filename).read_text()
-    return resources.read_text(module, filename)
+    return resources.files(module).joinpath(filename).read_text()
diff --git a/sphinx_design/article_info.py b/sphinx_design/article_info.py
index 7961d12..d003bd3 100644
--- a/sphinx_design/article_info.py
+++ b/sphinx_design/article_info.py
@@ -1,5 +1,3 @@
-from typing import Optional
-
 from docutils import nodes
 from docutils.parsers.rst import directives
 from sphinx.application import Sphinx
@@ -32,7 +30,7 @@ class ArticleInfoDirective(SdDirective):
     }
 
     def _parse_text(
-        self, text: str, icon: Optional[nodes.Node] = None, parse: bool = False
+        self, text: str, icon: nodes.Node | None = None, parse: bool = False
     ) -> nodes.Node:
         """Parse the text."""
         if not parse:
diff --git a/sphinx_design/badges_buttons.py b/sphinx_design/badges_buttons.py
index c610d12..61b83a0 100644
--- a/sphinx_design/badges_buttons.py
+++ b/sphinx_design/badges_buttons.py
@@ -1,5 +1,3 @@
-from typing import Optional
-
 from docutils import nodes
 from docutils.parsers.rst import directives
 from sphinx import addnodes
@@ -45,7 +43,7 @@ def setup_badges_and_buttons(app: Sphinx) -> None:
     app.add_directive(DIRECTIVE_NAME_BUTTON_REF, ButtonRefDirective)
 
 
-def create_bdg_classes(color: Optional[str], outline: bool) -> list[str]:
+def create_bdg_classes(color: str | None, outline: bool) -> list[str]:
     """Create the badge classes."""
     classes = [
         "sd-sphinx-override",
@@ -63,7 +61,7 @@ def create_bdg_classes(color: Optional[str], outline: bool) -> list[str]:
 class BadgeRole(SphinxRole):
     """Role to display a badge."""
 
-    def __init__(self, color: Optional[str] = None, *, outline: bool = False) -> None:
+    def __init__(self, color: str | None = None, *, outline: bool = False) -> None:
         super().__init__()
         self.color = color
         self.outline = outline
@@ -82,7 +80,7 @@ def run(self) -> tuple[list[nodes.Node], list[nodes.system_message]]:
 class LinkBadgeRole(ReferenceRole):
     """Role to display a badge with an external link."""
 
-    def __init__(self, color: Optional[str] = None, *, outline: bool = False) -> None:
+    def __init__(self, color: str | None = None, *, outline: bool = False) -> None:
         super().__init__()
         self.color = color
         self.outline = outline
@@ -105,7 +103,7 @@ def run(self) -> tuple[list[nodes.Node], list[nodes.system_message]]:
 class XRefBadgeRole(ReferenceRole):
     """Role to display a badge with an internal link."""
 
-    def __init__(self, color: Optional[str] = None, *, outline: bool = False) -> None:
+    def __init__(self, color: str | None = None, *, outline: bool = False) -> None:
         super().__init__()
         self.color = color
         self.outline = outline
diff --git a/sphinx_design/cards.py b/sphinx_design/cards.py
index da522f5..c243d90 100644
--- a/sphinx_design/cards.py
+++ b/sphinx_design/cards.py
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 import re
-from typing import NamedTuple, Optional
+from typing import NamedTuple
 
 from docutils import nodes
 from docutils.parsers.rst import directives
@@ -42,8 +42,8 @@ class CardContent(NamedTuple):
     """
 
     body: tuple[int, StringList]
-    header: Optional[tuple[int, StringList]] = None
-    footer: Optional[tuple[int, StringList]] = None
+    header: tuple[int, StringList] | None = None
+    footer: tuple[int, StringList] | None = None
 
 
 class CardDirective(SdDirective):
@@ -79,13 +79,13 @@ def run_with_defaults(self) -> list[nodes.Node]:
 
     @classmethod
     def create_card(  # noqa: PLR0915
-        cls, inst: SphinxDirective, arguments: Optional[list], options: dict
+        cls, inst: SphinxDirective, arguments: list | None, options: dict
     ) -> nodes.Node:
         """Run the directive."""
         # TODO better degradation for latex
         card_classes = ["sd-card", "sd-sphinx-override"]
         if "width" in options:
-            card_classes += [f'sd-w-{options["width"].rstrip("%")}']
+            card_classes += [f"sd-w-{options['width'].rstrip('%')}"]
         card_classes += options.get("margin", ["sd-mb-3"])
         card_classes += [f"sd-shadow-{options.get('shadow', 'sm')}"]
         if "link" in options:
diff --git a/sphinx_design/grids.py b/sphinx_design/grids.py
index 3614822..1610c0c 100644
--- a/sphinx_design/grids.py
+++ b/sphinx_design/grids.py
@@ -1,5 +1,3 @@
-from typing import Optional
-
 from docutils import nodes
 from docutils.parsers.rst import directives
 from sphinx.application import Sphinx
@@ -33,7 +31,7 @@ def setup_grids(app: Sphinx):
 
 
 def _media_option(
-    argument: Optional[str],
+    argument: str | None,
     prefix: str,
     *,
     allow_auto: bool = False,
@@ -66,11 +64,11 @@ def _media_option(
             raise ValueError(validate_error_msg)
     return [f"{prefix}{values[0]}"] + [
         f"{prefix}{size}-{value}"
-        for size, value in zip(["xs", "sm", "md", "lg"], values)
+        for size, value in zip(["xs", "sm", "md", "lg"], values, strict=False)
     ]
 
 
-def row_columns_option(argument: Optional[str]) -> list[str]:
+def row_columns_option(argument: str | None) -> list[str]:
     """Validate the number of columns (out of 12) a grid row will have.
 
     One or four integers (for "xs sm md lg") between 1 and 12  (or 'auto').
@@ -78,7 +76,7 @@ def row_columns_option(argument: Optional[str]) -> list[str]:
     return _media_option(argument, "sd-row-cols-", allow_auto=True)
 
 
-def item_columns_option(argument: Optional[str]) -> list[str]:
+def item_columns_option(argument: str | None) -> list[str]:
     """Validate the number of columns (out of 12) a grid-item will take up.
 
     One or four integers (for "xs sm md lg") between 1 and 12 (or 'auto').
@@ -86,7 +84,7 @@ def item_columns_option(argument: Optional[str]) -> list[str]:
     return _media_option(argument, "sd-col-", allow_auto=True)
 
 
-def gutter_option(argument: Optional[str]) -> list[str]:
+def gutter_option(argument: str | None) -> list[str]:
     """Validate the gutter size between grid items.
 
     One or four integers (for "xs sm md lg") between 0 and 5.
@@ -191,7 +189,7 @@ def run_with_defaults(self) -> list[nodes.Node]:
             + self.options.get("margin", [])
             + self.options.get("padding", [])
             + (
-                [f'sd-align-major-{self.options["child-align"]}']
+                [f"sd-align-major-{self.options['child-align']}"]
                 if "child-align" in self.options
                 else []
             )
diff --git a/sphinx_design/icons.py b/sphinx_design/icons.py
index 9aceb12..2a3f4f9 100644
--- a/sphinx_design/icons.py
+++ b/sphinx_design/icons.py
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 from functools import lru_cache
 import json
 import re
-from typing import Any, Optional
+from typing import Any
 
 from docutils import nodes
 from docutils.parsers.rst import directives
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ def get_octicon(
     name: str,
     height: str = "1em",
     classes: Sequence[str] = (),
-    aria_label: Optional[str] = None,
+    aria_label: str | None = None,
 ) -> str:
     """Return the HTML for an GitHub octicon SVG icon.
 
@@ -258,7 +258,7 @@ def get_material_icon(
     name: str,
     height: str = "1em",
     classes: Sequence[str] = (),
-    aria_label: Optional[str] = None,
+    aria_label: str | None = None,
 ) -> str:
     """Return the HTML for an Google material icon SVG icon.
 
diff --git a/sphinx_design/shared.py b/sphinx_design/shared.py
index a092048..d10f895 100644
--- a/sphinx_design/shared.py
+++ b/sphinx_design/shared.py
@@ -167,7 +167,7 @@ def _margin_or_padding_option(
     if len(values) == 4:
         return [
             f"{class_prefix}{side}-{value}"
-            for side, value in zip(["t", "b", "l", "r"], values)
+            for side, value in zip(["t", "b", "l", "r"], values, strict=False)
         ]
     raise ValueError(
         "argument must be one (all) or four (top bottom left right) integers"
diff --git a/tests/conftest.py b/tests/conftest.py
index 409f586..5b53a86 100644
--- a/tests/conftest.py
+++ b/tests/conftest.py
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import os
 from pathlib import Path
-from typing import Any, Optional
+from typing import Any
 
 from docutils import nodes
 import pytest
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ def get_doctree(
 @pytest.fixture()
 def sphinx_builder(tmp_path: Path, make_app, monkeypatch):
     def _create_project(
-        buildername: str = "html", conf_kwargs: Optional[dict[str, Any]] = None
+        buildername: str = "html", conf_kwargs: dict[str, Any] | None = None
     ):
         src_path = tmp_path / "srcdir"
         src_path.mkdir()
diff --git a/tests/test_snippets.py b/tests/test_snippets.py
index e47bea7..5af018f 100644
--- a/tests/test_snippets.py
+++ b/tests/test_snippets.py
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 """Test the documented snippets run correctly, and are the same for both RST and MyST."""
 
+from collections.abc import Callable
 from pathlib import Path
-from typing import Callable
 
 import pytest
 
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ def test_snippets_rst(
     doctree.attributes.pop("translation_progress", None)  # added in sphinx 7.1
     file_regression.check(
         doctree.pformat(),
-        basename=f"snippet_pre_{path.name[:-len(path.suffix)]}",
+        basename=f"snippet_pre_{path.name[: -len(path.suffix)]}",
         extension=".xml",
         encoding="utf8",
     )
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ def test_snippets_myst(
     doctree.attributes.pop("translation_progress", None)  # added in sphinx 7.1
     file_regression.check(
         doctree.pformat(),
-        basename=f"snippet_pre_{path.name[:-len(path.suffix)]}",
+        basename=f"snippet_pre_{path.name[: -len(path.suffix)]}",
         extension=".xml",
         encoding="utf8",
     )
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ def test_snippets_rst_post(
     doctree.attributes.pop("translation_progress", None)  # added in sphinx 7.1
     file_regression.check(
         doctree.pformat(),
-        basename=f"snippet_post_{path.name[:-len(path.suffix)]}",
+        basename=f"snippet_post_{path.name[: -len(path.suffix)]}",
         extension=".xml",
         encoding="utf8",
     )
@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ def test_snippets_myst_post(
     doctree.attributes.pop("translation_progress", None)  # added in sphinx 7.1
     file_regression.check(
         doctree.pformat(),
-        basename=f"snippet_post_{path.name[:-len(path.suffix)]}",
+        basename=f"snippet_post_{path.name[: -len(path.suffix)]}",
         extension=".xml",
         encoding="utf8",
     )
diff --git a/tox.ini b/tox.ini
index 57aa07f..805c762 100644
--- a/tox.ini
+++ b/tox.ini
@@ -3,18 +3,18 @@
 # then run `tox` or `tox -- {pytest args}`
 # run in parallel using `tox -p`
 [tox]
-envlist = py39
+envlist = py311
 
 [testenv]
 usedevelop = true
 
-[testenv:py{39,310,311,312,313}]
+[testenv:py{311,312,313,314}]
 description = Run unit tests with this Python version
 extras =
     testing
 commands = pytest {posargs}
 
-[testenv:py{39,310,311,312,313}-no-myst]
+[testenv:py{311,312,313,314}-no-myst]
 description = Run unit tests with this Python version
 extras =
     testing-no-myst