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<!DOCTYPE html>
<!--
| Generated by Apache Maven Doxia Site Renderer 2.0.0 from src/site/xdoc/checks.xml at 2026-02-28
| Rendered using Apache Maven Fluido Skin 2.0.1
-->
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8" />
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" />
<meta name="generator" content="Apache Maven Doxia Site Renderer 2.0.0" />
<title>Checks – checkstyle</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="./css/apache-maven-fluido-2.0.1.min.css" />
<link rel="stylesheet" href="./css/site.css" />
<link rel="stylesheet" href="./css/print.css" media="print" />
<script src="./js/apache-maven-fluido-2.0.1.min.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="./js/checkstyle.js" defer async></script>
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src="./js/google-analytics.js" defer async></script>
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src="./js/copy-clipboard.js" defer async></script>
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</head>
<body>
<div class="container-fluid container-fluid-top">
<header>
<div id="banner">
<div class="pull-left"><div id="bannerLeft"><h1><a href="./"><img class="class java.lang.Object" src="images/header-checkstyle-logo.png" alt="Checkstyle" /></a></h1></div></div>
<div class="pull-right"><div id="bannerRight"><h1><img class="class java.lang.Object" src="images/header-right-ruler.png" /></h1></div></div>
<div class="clear"><hr/></div>
</div>
<div id="breadcrumbs">
<ul class="breadcrumb">
<li id="publishDate" class="pull-right"><span class="divider">|</span> Last Published: 2026-02-28</li>
<li id="projectVersion" class="pull-right"><span class="divider">|</span>Version: 13.3.0</li>
<li class="pull-right"><a>toTop</a></li>
</ul>
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</header>
<div class="row-fluid">
<header id="leftColumn" class="span4">
<nav class="well sidebar-nav">
<ul class="nav nav-list">
<li class="nav-header">About</li>
<li><a href="index.html">Checkstyle</a></li>
<li><a href="releasenotes.html">Release Notes</a></li>
<li><a href="consulting.html">Consulting</a></li>
<li><a href="sponsoring.html">Sponsoring</a></li>
<li class="nav-header">Documentation</li>
<li><a href="config.html"><span class="icon-chevron-down"></span>Configuration</a>
<ul class="nav nav-list">
<li><a href="property_types.html">Property Types</a></li>
<li><a href="config_system_properties.html">System Properties</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li><a href="running.html"><span class="icon-chevron-down"></span>Running</a>
<ul class="nav nav-list">
<li><a href="anttask.html">Ant Task</a></li>
<li><a href="cmdline.html">Command Line</a></li>
<li><a href="result_reports.html">Result Reports</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li class="active"><a><span class="icon-chevron-down"></span>Checks</a>
<ul class="nav nav-list">
<li><a href="checks/annotation/index.html"><span class="icon-chevron-right"></span>Annotations</a></li>
<li><a href="checks/blocks/index.html"><span class="icon-chevron-right"></span>Block Checks</a></li>
<li><a href="checks/design/index.html"><span class="icon-chevron-right"></span>Class Design</a></li>
<li><a href="checks/coding/index.html"><span class="icon-chevron-right"></span>Coding</a></li>
<li><a href="checks/header/index.html"><span class="icon-chevron-right"></span>Headers</a></li>
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<li><a href="checks/metrics/index.html"><span class="icon-chevron-right"></span>Metrics</a></li>
<li><a href="checks/misc/index.html"><span class="icon-chevron-right"></span>Miscellaneous</a></li>
<li><a href="checks/modifier/index.html"><span class="icon-chevron-right"></span>Modifiers</a></li>
<li><a href="checks/naming/index.html"><span class="icon-chevron-right"></span>Naming Conventions</a></li>
<li><a href="checks/regexp/index.html"><span class="icon-chevron-right"></span>Regexp</a></li>
<li><a href="checks/sizes/index.html"><span class="icon-chevron-right"></span>Size Violations</a></li>
<li><a href="checks/whitespace/index.html"><span class="icon-chevron-right"></span>Whitespace</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li><a href="filters/index.html"><span class="icon-chevron-right"></span>Filters</a></li>
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<li><a href="style_configs.html"><span class="icon-chevron-down"></span>Style Configurations</a>
<ul class="nav nav-list">
<li><a href="google_style.html">Google's Style</a></li>
<li><a href="openjdk_style.html">OpenJDK's Style</a></li>
<li><a href="sun_style.html">Sun's Style</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li class="nav-header">Developers</li>
<li><a href="extending.html"><span class="icon-chevron-down"></span>Extending Checkstyle</a>
<ul class="nav nav-list">
<li><a href="writingchecks.html">Writing Checks</a></li>
<li><a href="writingjavadocchecks.html">Writing Javadoc Checks</a></li>
<li><a href="writingfilters.html">Writing Filters</a></li>
<li><a href="writingfilefilters.html">Writing File Filters</a></li>
<li><a href="writinglisteners.html">Writing Listeners</a></li>
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</header>
<main id="bodyColumn" class="span8">
<section><a id="Standard_Checks"></a>
<h1>Standard Checks</h1>
<p>
The Standard Checkstyle Checks are applicable to general Java coding style
and require no external libraries. The standard checks are included in
the base distribution.
</p>
<p>
The site navigation menu lets you browse the individual checks by functionality.
</p>
<p>
Checkstyle provides many checks that you can apply to your
source code. Below is an alphabetical reference, the site
navigation menu provides a reference organized by functionality.
</p>
<div class="wrapper">
<table class="table table-striped">
<tr class="a">
<td>
<a href="checks/naming/abbreviationaswordinname.html#AbbreviationAsWordInName">
AbbreviationAsWordInName
</a>
</td>
<td>
Validates abbreviations (consecutive capital letters) length in identifier name, it
also allows to enforce camel case naming.
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="b">
<td>
<a href="checks/naming/abstractclassname.html#AbstractClassName">
AbstractClassName
</a>
</td>
<td>
Ensures that the names of abstract classes conforming to some pattern and check that
<code>abstract</code> modifier exists.
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="a">
<td>
<a href="checks/annotation/annotationlocation.html#AnnotationLocation">
AnnotationLocation
</a>
</td>
<td>
Checks location of annotation on language elements.
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="b">
<td>
<a href="checks/annotation/annotationonsameline.html#AnnotationOnSameLine">
AnnotationOnSameLine
</a>
</td>
<td>
Checks that annotations are located on the same line with their targets.
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="a">
<td>
<a href="checks/annotation/annotationusestyle.html#AnnotationUseStyle">
AnnotationUseStyle
</a>
</td>
<td>
Checks the style of elements in annotations.
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="b">
<td>
<a href="checks/sizes/anoninnerlength.html#AnonInnerLength">
AnonInnerLength
</a>
</td>
<td>
Checks for long anonymous inner classes.
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="a">
<td>
<a href="checks/coding/arraytrailingcomma.html#ArrayTrailingComma">
ArrayTrailingComma
</a>
</td>
<td>
Checks that array initialization contains a trailing comma.
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="b">
<td>
<a href="checks/misc/arraytypestyle.html#ArrayTypeStyle">
ArrayTypeStyle
</a>
</td>
<td>
Checks the style of array type definitions.
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="a">
<td>
<a href="checks/javadoc/atclauseorder.html#AtclauseOrder">
AtclauseOrder
</a>
</td>
<td>
Checks the order of <a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/technotes/tools/windows/javadoc.html#CHDBEFIF" class="externalLink">
javadoc block-tags or javadoc tags</a>.
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="b">
<td>
<a href="checks/coding/avoiddoublebraceinitialization.html#AvoidDoubleBraceInitialization">
AvoidDoubleBraceInitialization
</a>
</td>
<td>
Detects double brace initialization.
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="a">
<td>
<a href="checks/misc/avoidescapedunicodecharacters.html#AvoidEscapedUnicodeCharacters">
AvoidEscapedUnicodeCharacters
</a>
</td>
<td>
Restricts using <a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/specs/jls/se11/html/jls-3.html#jls-3.3" class="externalLink">
Unicode escapes</a> (such as \u221e).
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="b">
<td>
<a href="checks/coding/avoidinlineconditionals.html#AvoidInlineConditionals">
AvoidInlineConditionals
</a>
</td>
<td>
Detects inline conditionals.
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="a">
<td>
<a href="checks/blocks/avoidnestedblocks.html#AvoidNestedBlocks">
AvoidNestedBlocks
</a>
</td>
<td>
Finds nested blocks (blocks that are used freely in the code).
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="b">
<td>
<a href="checks/coding/avoidnoargumentsuperconstructorcall.html#AvoidNoArgumentSuperConstructorCall">
AvoidNoArgumentSuperConstructorCall
</a>
</td>
<td>
Checks if call to superclass constructor without arguments is present.
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="a">
<td>
<a href="checks/imports/avoidstarimport.html#AvoidStarImport">
AvoidStarImport
</a>
</td>
<td>
Checks that there are no import statements that use the <code>*</code> notation.
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="b">
<td>
<a href="checks/imports/avoidstaticimport.html#AvoidStaticImport">
AvoidStaticImport
</a>
</td>
<td>
Checks that there are no static import statements.
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="a">
<td>
<a href="checks/metrics/booleanexpressioncomplexity.html#BooleanExpressionComplexity">
BooleanExpressionComplexity
</a>
</td>
<td>
Restricts the number of boolean operators (<code>&&</code>, <code>||</code>,
<code>&</code>, <code>|</code> and <code>^</code>) in an expression.
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="b">
<td>
<a href="checks/naming/catchparametername.html#CatchParameterName">
CatchParameterName
</a>
</td>
<td>
Checks that <code>catch</code> parameter names conform to a specified pattern.
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="a">
<td>
<a href="checks/metrics/classdataabstractioncoupling.html#ClassDataAbstractionCoupling">
ClassDataAbstractionCoupling
</a>
</td>
<td>
Measures the number of distinct classes that are instantiated within the given class
or record.
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="b">
<td>
<a href="checks/metrics/classfanoutcomplexity.html#ClassFanOutComplexity">
ClassFanOutComplexity
</a>
</td>
<td>
Checks the number of other types a given class/record/interface/enum/annotation relies
on.
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="a">
<td>
<a href="checks/modifier/classmemberimpliedmodifier.html#ClassMemberImpliedModifier">
ClassMemberImpliedModifier
</a>
</td>
<td>
Checks for implicit modifiers on nested types in classes and records.
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="b">
<td>
<a href="checks/naming/classtypeparametername.html#ClassTypeParameterName">
ClassTypeParameterName
</a>
</td>
<td>
Checks that class type parameter names conform to a specified pattern.
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="a">
<td>
<a href="checks/misc/commentsindentation.html#CommentsIndentation">
CommentsIndentation
</a>
</td>
<td>
Controls the indentation between comments and surrounding code.
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="b">
<td>
<a href="checks/naming/constantname.html#ConstantName">
ConstantName
</a>
</td>
<td>
Checks that constant names conform to a specified pattern.
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="a">
<td>
<a href="checks/coding/constructorsdeclarationgrouping.html#ConstructorsDeclarationGrouping">
ConstructorsDeclarationGrouping
</a>
</td>
<td>
Checks that all constructors are grouped together.
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="b">
<td>
<a href="checks/coding/covariantequals.html#CovariantEquals">
CovariantEquals
</a>
</td>
<td>
Checks that classes and records which define a covariant <code>equals()</code> method
also override method <code>equals(Object)</code>.
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="a">
<td>
<a href="checks/imports/customimportorder.html#CustomImportOrder">
CustomImportOrder
</a>
</td>
<td>
Checks that the groups of import declarations appear in the order specified by the
user.
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="b">
<td>
<a href="checks/metrics/cyclomaticcomplexity.html#CyclomaticComplexity">
CyclomaticComplexity
</a>
</td>
<td>
Checks cyclomatic complexity against a specified limit.
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="a">
<td>
<a href="checks/coding/declarationorder.html#DeclarationOrder">
DeclarationOrder
</a>
</td>
<td>
Checks that the parts of a class, record, or interface declaration appear in the order
suggested by the <a href="https://checkstyle.org/styleguides/sun-code-conventions-19990420/CodeConventions.doc2.html#a1852" class="externalLink">
Code Conventions for the Java Programming Language</a>.
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="b">
<td>
<a href="checks/coding/defaultcomeslast.html#DefaultComesLast">
DefaultComesLast
</a>
</td>
<td>
Check that the <code>default</code> is after all the cases in a <code>switch</code>
statement.
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="a">
<td>
<a href="checks/misc/descendanttoken.html#DescendantToken">
DescendantToken
</a>
</td>
<td>
Checks for restricted tokens beneath other tokens.
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="b">
<td>
<a href="checks/design/designforextension.html#DesignForExtension">
DesignForExtension
</a>
</td>
<td>
Checks that classes are designed for extension (subclass creation).
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="a">
<td>
<a href="checks/blocks/emptyblock.html#EmptyBlock">
EmptyBlock
</a>
</td>
<td>
Checks for empty blocks.
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="b">
<td>
<a href="checks/blocks/emptycatchblock.html#EmptyCatchBlock">
EmptyCatchBlock
</a>
</td>
<td>
Checks for empty catch blocks.
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="a">
<td>
<a href="checks/whitespace/emptyforinitializerpad.html#EmptyForInitializerPad">
EmptyForInitializerPad
</a>
</td>
<td>
Checks the padding of an empty for initializer; that is whether a white space is
required at an empty for initializer, or such white space is forbidden.
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="b">
<td>
<a href="checks/whitespace/emptyforiteratorpad.html#EmptyForIteratorPad">
EmptyForIteratorPad
</a>
</td>
<td>
Checks the padding of an empty for iterator; that is whether a white space is required
at an empty for iterator, or such white space is forbidden.
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="a">
<td>
<a href="checks/whitespace/emptylineseparator.html#EmptyLineSeparator">
EmptyLineSeparator
</a>
</td>
<td>
Checks for empty line separators after, fields, constructors, methods, nested classes,
static initializers and instance initializers.
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="b">
<td>
<a href="checks/coding/emptystatement.html#EmptyStatement">
EmptyStatement
</a>
</td>
<td>
Detects empty statements (standalone <code>";"</code> semicolon).
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="a">
<td>
<a href="checks/coding/equalsavoidnull.html#EqualsAvoidNull">
EqualsAvoidNull
</a>
</td>
<td>
Checks that any combination of String literals is on the left side of an
<code>equals()</code> comparison.
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="b">
<td>
<a href="checks/coding/equalshashcode.html#EqualsHashCode">
EqualsHashCode
</a>
</td>
<td>
Checks that classes that either override <code>equals()</code> or
<code>hashCode()</code> also overrides the other.
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="a">
<td>
<a href="checks/sizes/executablestatementcount.html#ExecutableStatementCount">
ExecutableStatementCount
</a>
</td>
<td>
Restricts the number of executable statements to a specified limit.
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="b">
<td>
<a href="checks/coding/explicitinitialization.html#ExplicitInitialization">
ExplicitInitialization
</a>
</td>
<td>
Checks if any class or object member is explicitly initialized to default for its type
value (<code>null</code> for object references, zero for numeric types and
<code>char</code> and <code>false</code> for <code>boolean</code>.
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="a">
<td>
<a href="checks/coding/fallthrough.html#FallThrough">
FallThrough
</a>
</td>
<td>
Checks for fall-through in <code>switch</code> statements.
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="b">
<td>
<a href="checks/sizes/filelength.html#FileLength">
FileLength
</a>
</td>
<td>
Checks for long source files.
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="a">
<td>
<a href="checks/whitespace/filetabcharacter.html#FileTabCharacter">
FileTabCharacter
</a>
</td>
<td>
Checks that there are no tab characters (<code>'\t'</code>) in the source code.
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="b">
<td>
<a href="checks/design/finalclass.html#FinalClass">
FinalClass
</a>
</td>
<td>
Ensures that identifies classes that can be effectively declared as final are
explicitly marked as final.
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="a">
<td>
<a href="checks/coding/finallocalvariable.html#FinalLocalVariable">
FinalLocalVariable
</a>
</td>
<td>
Checks that local variables that never have their values changed are declared final.
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="b">
<td>
<a href="checks/misc/finalparameters.html#FinalParameters">
FinalParameters
</a>
</td>
<td>
Checks that parameters for methods, constructors, catch and for-each blocks are final.
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="a">
<td>
<a href="checks/whitespace/genericwhitespace.html#GenericWhitespace">
GenericWhitespace
</a>
</td>
<td>
Checks that the whitespace around the Generic tokens (angle brackets) "<" and
">" are correct to the <i>typical</i> convention.
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="b">
<td>
<a href="checks/naming/googlenonconstantfieldname.html#GoogleNonConstantFieldName">
GoogleNonConstantFieldName
</a>
</td>
<td>
Checks that non-constant field names conform to the <a href="https://google.github.io/styleguide/javaguide.html#s5.2.5-non-constant-field-names" class="externalLink">
Google Java Style Guide</a> for non-constant field naming.
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="a">
<td>
<a href="checks/header/header.html#Header">
Header
</a>
</td>
<td>
Checks that a source file begins with a specified header.
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="b">
<td>
<a href="checks/misc/hexliteralcase.html#HexLiteralCase">
HexLiteralCase
</a>
</td>
<td>
Checks that hexadecimal literals are defined using uppercase letters
<code>(A-F)</code> rather than lowercase <code>(a-f)</code>.
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="a">
<td>
<a href="checks/coding/hiddenfield.html#HiddenField">
HiddenField
</a>
</td>
<td>
Checks that a local variable or a parameter does not shadow a field that is defined in
the same class.
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="b">
<td>
<a href="checks/design/hideutilityclassconstructor.html#HideUtilityClassConstructor">
HideUtilityClassConstructor
</a>
</td>
<td>
Makes sure that utility classes (classes that contain only static methods or fields in
their API) do not have a public constructor.
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="a">
<td>
<a href="checks/coding/illegalcatch.html#IllegalCatch">
IllegalCatch
</a>
</td>
<td>
Checks that certain exception types do not appear in a <code>catch</code> statement.
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="b">
<td>
<a href="checks/naming/illegalidentifiername.html#IllegalIdentifierName">
IllegalIdentifierName
</a>
</td>
<td>
Checks identifiers against a regular expression pattern to detect illegal names.
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="a">
<td>
<a href="checks/imports/illegalimport.html#IllegalImport">
IllegalImport
</a>
</td>
<td>
Checks for imports from a set of illegal packages and modules.
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="b">
<td>
<a href="checks/coding/illegalinstantiation.html#IllegalInstantiation">
IllegalInstantiation
</a>
</td>
<td>
Checks for illegal instantiations where a factory method is preferred.
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="a">
<td>
<a href="checks/coding/illegalthrows.html#IllegalThrows">
IllegalThrows
</a>
</td>
<td>
Checks that specified types are not declared to be thrown.
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="b">
<td>
<a href="checks/coding/illegaltoken.html#IllegalToken">
IllegalToken
</a>
</td>
<td>
Checks for illegal tokens.
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="a">
<td>
<a href="checks/coding/illegaltokentext.html#IllegalTokenText">
IllegalTokenText
</a>
</td>
<td>
Checks specified tokens text for matching an illegal pattern.
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="b">
<td>
<a href="checks/coding/illegaltype.html#IllegalType">
IllegalType
</a>
</td>
<td>
Checks that particular classes or interfaces are never used.
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="a">
<td>
<a href="checks/imports/importcontrol.html#ImportControl">
ImportControl
</a>
</td>
<td>
Controls what can be imported in each package and file.
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="b">
<td>
<a href="checks/imports/importorder.html#ImportOrder">