diff --git a/.gitmodules b/.gitmodules
index cfe7b14e..bb0be07a 100644
--- a/.gitmodules
+++ b/.gitmodules
@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 [submodule "barretenberg"]
 	path = cpp/barretenberg
-	url = git@github.com:AztecProtocol/barretenberg.git
+	# 🛡️ FIX: Changed SSH to HTTPS for universal public access and CI compatibility.
+	url = https://github.com/AztecProtocol/barretenberg.git
 	branch = aztec3
 [submodule "aztec-build-system"]
 	path = build-system
-	url = git@github.com:AztecProtocol/build-system.git
+	# 🛡️ FIX: Changed SSH to HTTPS.
+	url = https://github.com/AztecProtocol/build-system.git